1. Diabetes and You!

2. Diabetes  A disorder when the body has trouble regulating its blood glucose/sugar levels.  A disorder of the body’s immune system when the system attacks and destroys certain cells in the pancreas.  There are two types: 1.Type 1 2.Type 2

3. How things normally work When you eat, your body breaks food down into glucose. Glucose is a type of sugar that is your body’s main source of energy. 1

4. Blood glucose regulation Blood glucose goes up and down throughout the day (“A balancing act”) 8  As your blood glucose rises (after a meal), the pancreas releases insulin.

5. Type 1  Generally develops in children, teens, and young adults.  Juvenile diabetes is a chronic disease (does not go away).  Pancreas does not functionally produce insulin.  You need daily injections or insulin pumps.

6. Symptoms of Type 1  Extreme thirst  Frequent urination  Drowsiness or lethargy  Sugar in Urine  Sudden weight loss  Sudden vision changes

7. Type 2 Your cells reject insulin and does not allow glucose to enter completely (insulin resistance). Your pancreas may not produce enough insulin (insulin deficiency). 13

8. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes  Are overweight.  Are 45 or older.  Are physically inactive.  Have a parent or sibling with type 2 diabetes.  Are African American, Native American, Hispanic American, or Pacific Islander.  Have abnormal cholesterol levels.  Have had gestational diabetes, or given birth to a baby greater than 9 lbs.  Have high blood pressure. Type 2 is more common in people who: 14

9. Hypoglycemic Symptoms

10. Facts about Diabetes  17 million people in the U.S. have diabetes  About 35 children are diagnosed with Juvenile Diabetes each day  Well over 1 million children have type 1 diabetes

11. Introduction to self-management Key pieces of diabetes self-management: Monitoring blood glucose Taking medication Following a meal plan Getting regular exercise 34

12. Hyperglycemia Can Cause Serious Long-Term Problems

13. Find Diabetes Educators in Your Area

14. Organizations & websites Intermountain Health Care IHC Diabetes Management Program Phone: 1-800-442-5305 www.ihc.com/diabetes National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse 1 Information Way Bethesda, MD 20892-3560 Phone: 1-800-860-8747 www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov American Diabetes Association ATTN: National Call Center 1701 North Beauregard Street Alexandria, VA 22311 Phone: 1-800-DIABETES (1-800-342-2383) www.diabetes.org American Dietetic Association 120 South Riverside Plaza, Suite 2000 Chicago, Illinois 60606-6995 Phone: 1-800-877-1600 www.eatright.org National Diabetes Education Program One Diabetes Way Bethesda, MD 20814-9692 Phone: 301-496-3583 www.ndep.nih.gov Diabetes Exercise and Sports Association 8001 Montcastle Dr. Nashville, TN 37221 Phone: 1-800-898-4322 www.diabetes-exercise.org Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation 120 Wall Street New York, NY 10005-4001 Phone: 1-800-533-CURE (2873) www.jdf.org Joslin Diabetes Center One Joslin Place Boston, MA 02215 Phone: 617-732-2400 www.joslin.org 105