1. www.bzupages.com IN-HOUSE APPLICATION SOFTWARE DEVLOPMENT PRESENTED TO SIR TISMAN PASHA PRESENTED BY TAYYABA JAHANGIR 07-33 07-33

2. www.bzupages.com IN-HOUSE APPLICATION SOFTWARE DEVLOPMENT INTRO INTRO A company can choose to develop its own systems, or purchase, possibly customize, and implement a software package A company can choose to develop its own systems, or purchase, possibly customize, and implement a software package The most important consideration is total cost of ownership (TCO) The most important consideration is total cost of ownership (TCO) Companies also develop user applications designed around commercial software packages Companies also develop user applications designed around commercial software packages

3. www.bzupages.com Developing Software In-House Satisfy unique business requirements Satisfy unique business requirements Minimize changes in business procedures and policies Minimize changes in business procedures and policies Meet constraints of existing systems Meet constraints of existing systems Meet constraints of existing technology Meet constraints of existing technology Develop internal resources and capabilities Develop internal resources and capabilities

4. www.bzupages.com Purchasing a Software Package Lower costs Lower costs Requires less time to implement Requires less time to implement Proven reliability and performance benchmarks Proven reliability and performance benchmarks Requires less technical development staff Requires less technical development staff Future upgrades provided by the vendor Future upgrades provided by the vendor Input from other companies Input from other companies

5. www.bzupages.com In-House Software Development Options

6. www.bzupages.com SFOTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE SYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS SOFTWAREREQUIREMENTS PROGRAM DESIGN PROGRAM CODING PROGRAM DEBUGGING PROGRAM TESTING PROGRAM MAINTENACE

7. www.bzupages.com PROGRAM DESIGN IMPORTANCE IMPORTANCE Reduce costs on Reduce costs on Coding Coding Testing Testing Maintenance time Maintenance time Organizational substantial application backlogs Organizational substantial application backlogs PROBLEMS PROBLEMS Inflexibility Inflexibility Less addition of new application design Less addition of new application design Training of new people is time and money consuming. Training of new people is time and money consuming.

8. www.bzupages.com SOLUTION SOLUTION Structured programming Structured programming Improve coding Improve coding Structured design Structured design Facilitate program design to upgrade it as requirement. Facilitate program design to upgrade it as requirement.

9. www.bzupages.com PROGRAM DESIGN TOOLS PROGRAM FLOWCHARTS PROGRAM FLOWCHARTS Managers and users need to reviewing the design work of systems development project team. Managers and users need to reviewing the design work of systems development project team. rectangle rectangle Rounded rectangle Rounded rectangle Polygon Polygon Diamond Diamond Arrow Arrow Circle Circle Parallelogram Parallelogram Process Start /stop Off Page connector decision connector Input Output

10. www.bzupages.com PSEUDOCODE PSEUDOCODE Crude program design code for understanding of program applications. Crude program design code for understanding of program applications. Looping structure Selection structure Sequence structure Read an employ record DOWHILE there are more records remaining. compute regular pay=hours * rate If Hours>40 Overtime pay=0.5*rate*(hours-40) ELSE Overtime pay= 0 Compute total pay=regular pay + overtime pay Print employee name,ID no,hrs,rate,regular pay, Overtime pay, total pay Read another record END DO Stop run

11. www.bzupages.com STRUCTURED CHARTS STRUCTURED CHARTS Hierararchically organizes each program tasks into well defined Modules. Hierararchically organizes each program tasks into well defined Modules. HOUSE KEEPIN ROUTINE INTIALIZING ROUTINE INITIALIZING COLOUMN ROUTINE PRINT REPORT READ INITIAL RECORD PROCESSING ROUTINE COMPANY PAY AMOUNT INCREMENT COLOUMN FOOTINGS PRINT AN OUTPUT LINE READ NEXT RECORD TERMINATION ROUTINE PRINT COLOUMN FOOTINGS CLOSE FILES STOP RUN

12. www.bzupages.com 4GL TOOLS 4GL TOOLS Forth generation languages provide automating of manual tasks discussed before and hence help with consistency and efficiency plus productivity. Forth generation languages provide automating of manual tasks discussed before and hence help with consistency and efficiency plus productivity. OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING AND DESIGN OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING AND DESIGN OOP OOP DFD(DATA FLOW DIAGRAM) DFD(DATA FLOW DIAGRAM) OMG(OBJECT MANAGEMENT GROUP) OMG(OBJECT MANAGEMENT GROUP) THESE TOOLS OF OBJECT ORENTED SOFTWARE HELP TO BUILD NEW APPLICATION. THESE TOOLS OF OBJECT ORENTED SOFTWARE HELP TO BUILD NEW APPLICATION.

13. www.bzupages.com OTHER POCESSING CONCERNS SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND COMPUTING HARDWARE SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND COMPUTING HARDWARE New build application must be made compatible with end user’s hardware. New build application must be made compatible with end user’s hardware. For example For example Some application run with command prompt. Some application run with command prompt. Some run with GUI (graphic user interface). Some run with GUI (graphic user interface). Some run on multiple operating systems. Some run on multiple operating systems. Some run on specific operating systems Some run on specific operating systems

14. www.bzupages.com COMPUTATIONAL ENVIROMENT COMPUTATIONAL ENVIROMENT Managers and users are required to give the type of Managers and users are required to give the type of Processing data type and required output data type. For example For example Processing volumes Processing volumes Frequency Frequency Type of data access Type of data access Needed input controls Needed input controls Processing is scientific or statistic. Processing is scientific or statistic. Retrieval and updating capability. Retrieval and updating capability.