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Edward W. Said (1935 - 2003) Palestinian-American scholar; Mixed cultural experience: “a Palestinian going to school in Egypt, with an English first name, an American passport, and no certain identity.” Ph.D. from Harvard; taught at Columbia University. One of the creators of postcolonial theory and postcolonialism as a field of studies.
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A Constructed Notion “[N]either the term Orient nor the concept of the West has any ontological stability; each is made up of human effort, partly affirmation, partly identification of the Other.” (Edward Said) Ex.: “Far East” as a term applied to East Asia is a Medieval European geopolitical construction.
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Orientalism (1978) by Edward Said “ Orientalism, a way of coming to terms with the Orient that is based on the Orient’s special place in European Western experience.” The Orient, according to Said: Based on preconceived notions. The place of Europe’s colonies; The source of its civilizations and languages; Its cultural contestant; Recurring image of the Other; Helped to define the “West” by contrast.
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Orientalism in Edward Said’s Words “Orientalism is a style of thought based upon an ontological and epistemological distinction made between ‘the Orient and […] ‘the Occident’.” “Orientalism [is] a Western style for dominating, restructuring, and having control over the Orient.”
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Orientalism “European culture gained in strength and identity by setting itself off against the Orient as a sort of surrogate and even underground self.” “The Orient is an integral part of European material civilization and culture.” A large number of “Orientalist” texts were produced in the “West,” constructing the “Orient” as “Westerners” saw it. “Domestication of the exotic” in Western cultures.
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