1. Section 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell

2. The microscope is an important tool Different types of microscopes are used to observe different things Compound Light microscope- allow scientists to see living cells Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)- produce a 3-D image of a cell’s surface Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)- produce a 2-D image of the inside of a cell **SEM and TEM do not allow scientists to see living cells, but they do magnify objects up to a million times**

3. Cells are divided into two categories The difference between the two types of cells is the location of the genetic material Eukaryotic cell - have a nucleus that contains the genetic material for a cell Prokaryotic cells - do not have a nucleus and the genetic material is in the cytoplasm

4. Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell

5. Cells are diverse Eukaryotic cells have organelles - internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell

6. cytoplasm Animal Cell

7. Cells are diverse Eukaryotic cells have organelles - internal parts of a cell that perform particular functions cytoplasm - a jelly-like material inside the cell cell membrane - protective covering that controls entry into and out of cell “The Traffic Cop”

8. cell membrane cytoplasm Animal Cell

9. Organelles found in cells Nucleus - stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function “The Control Center”

10. cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus Animal Cell

11. Organelles found in cells Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein “Protein Factories”

12. cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus ribosomes Animal Cell

13. Organelles found in cells Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell “Cell Highway”

14. cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum Animal Cell

15. Organelles found in cells Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway” Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food (process called cellular respiration) “Powerhouse of the Cell”

16. cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria Animal Cell

17. Organelles found in cells Nucleus- stores genetic material the cell needs to reproduce and function. “The Control Center” Ribosomes - process information from the nucleus and builds protein. “Protein Factories” Endoplasmic reticulum - moves materials around the cell. “Cell Highway” Mitochondria - uses oxygen to process food in a process called cellular respiration. “Powerhouse of the Cell” Golgi apparatus - finishes processing and packaging proteins

18. cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria Golgi apparatus Animal Cell

19. Organelles found in cells vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.

20. cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria Golgi apparatus vesicles Animal Cell

21. Organelles found in cells vesicles - transport materials from endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. *lysosomes (only found in animal cells) - break down waste materials “Digestion Center”

22. cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus ribosomes endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria Golgi apparatus *lysosomes vesicles Animal Cell

23. Plant Cell nucleus endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria cell membrane cytoplasm ribosomes Golgi apparatus vesicles

24. Organelles found in plant cells *cell wall - -tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell

25. Plant Cell nucleus endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria cell membrane cytoplasm ribosomes Golgi apparatus vesicles cell wall

26. Organelles found in plant cells *cell wall – tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell

27. Plant Cell nucleus endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria cell membrane cytoplasm ribosomes Golgi apparatus vesicles chloroplast cell wall

28. Organelles found in plant cells *cell wall – tough outer covering that shapes and supports a plant cell *chloroplasts - use sunlight to make sugar (energy) for a plant cell *central vacuole - hold water, waste and other materials in a plant cell

29. Plant Cell nucleus endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria cell membrane cytoplasm ribosomes Golgi apparatus vesicles central vacuole cell wall chloroplast