1. Practical Organic Synthesis

2. General Steps in Organic Synthesis Measuring the reactant Mixing the reagent Adding energy Stopping the reaction Separation/purification Structural ID

3. 1. Introduction of Common Devices 2. Common terminology

4. Devices for measuring reagent Weight measurement - Table top balance (kg-100 mg) - Analytical balance (g – mg or ug)

5. Devices to measure volume Pippet Pasteur pippet Pippet man

6. Mass cylinder Volumetric flask Devices to measure volume

7. Devices for reagent mixing Stirrer Magnetic stirrer

8. Ultrasonic devices Microwave devices Devices for reagent mixing

9. Devices for heating/cooling Heating mantle/sand bath/water bath

10. General glasswares Flask –Erlenmeyer flask –Round bottomed flask –Culture flask –Ground joint/non-ground Beaker

11. General glasswares

12. Glasses Quartz: SiO 2 only Borosilicate Soda glasses -Glasses in the lab should be strong/resistant And low expansion on temperature changes

13. Glasses and light

14. Devices for filtering Buchner funnel Fritted glass funnel Funnel Filter paper (cellulose, glasswool)

15. Devices for filtering

16. Tools for filtering Filter paper Membrane filter

17. Thermometers Alcohol thermometer (-60-200 degree) Mercury thermometer (-30-300 degree) Thermocouples

18. Apparatus for distillation Condensor

19. Steam distillation Apparatus for distillation

20. Devices for purification Chromatography - Silica gel - Florisil - ODS

21. SPE catdrige Devices for purification

22. Devices for sample processing Blender Cell homogenizer Mill

23. Cell disruptor Devices for sample processing

24. Miscellaneous things pH meter / DO meter / pH papers

25. Miscellaneous things

26. Magnetic bars / Pincet / Spatula Miscellaneous things

27. Reagent: Chemicals Reactant: Chemical to product Product: Produced chemicals from RXN Side-reaction: Reaction of unwanted direction Reflux: Heating to continuous boiling of solvent Stirring: Room temperature: 15-25 degree Overnight: 10-16 hrs 2. Common Terminology