1. Force and Motion Integrated Science Mrs. Zazzali

2. Lesson 1-Circuit of Inquiries  1.1 The Hand Warmer, What is Friction?  Friction - surface resistance to motion, as of a body sliding or rolling.

3. Inquiry 1.2 – Constructing and Interpreting a Graph

4. Inquiry 1.3 – Rolling Around  Force – a push or pull on an object

5. Inquiry 1.4 – The Puck Launcher  Examples of Force, Balanced vs. Unbalanced Force.  Balanced – Force is equal in size and opposite in direction ex. Tug of War teams evenly matched, rope does not move  Unbalanced – Force is greater on 1 side, ex. Tug of War when one team pulls other team to the other side

6. 1.5 – Down the ramp  Momentum – mass in motion and depends on 2 variables mass and velocity

7. 1.6 – Suspended bar  Magnetic force - Magnets have a magnetic north pole and a magnetic south pole. If the same pole of two magnets are placed near each other they will push away (repel), while if different poles are placed near each other they will pull together (attract).

8. Galileo  Born in Pisa, Italy 1564  Influential with his studies of Gravity, rate objects fall to the Earth  Discovered that Earth revolved around the sun which was very controversial at the time, people believed Earth was the center of the Universe  Shared his ideas from his notebook recordings, one of the first Scientists to maintain a notebook

9. Lesson 2 - Gravity  Gravity -the force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth, or toward any other physical body having mass.  Mass- amount of matter in an object (doesn’t change-moon or anywhere else the same)  Weight- force of gravity on an object (changes based on the gravitational pull, on the moon you would weigh less)  Kilogram- unit of mass in the metric system  Newton(N)- unit of force in the metric system

10. Extension Independent Variable – the variable that is changed or adjusted in the experiment. Ex. Deciding to water a plant every other day vs. every day Dependent Variable – the variable that changes as a result of the independent variable Ex. The health or growth of the plant Controlled Variable – keeping other factors constant in an experiment so you have a fair test Ex. Place plants in the same spot In the room, give the same amount of water to each plant, same plant, etc. Hypothesis – testable prediction written in if, then format

11. Lesson 3- The Force of a Rubber Band  Elastic Force- able to return to an original shape or size after being stretched, or compressed, the force of a rubber band or spring.

12. Key Vocabulary-Friction  Review Lessons 1-3:  Friction-Surface resistance to an object’s motion  Newton-measure of Force in the Metric system  New Terminology  Sliding friction-opposes the motion of objects over a surface, object can move  Static friction-when a force is applied to an object and it does not cause it to move, ex. Applying a small force to move a large box across the floor and the box does not move  Surface area-measure of the total surface of an object,

13. Vocabulary continued  Air resistance-opposing force air exerts on a falling object impacted by the speed and the cross-sectional area of the object. Ex. Increase the speed, Increase air resistance  Terminal velocity-the constant velocity reached by a falling object resulting from the interaction between gravity and air friction or drag  Velocity-the speed at which an object is traveling in a single direction, ex. Skydiver traveling down to earth

14. Lessons 5 & 6 Vocabulary  Magnet: object made of iron, nickel, and/or cobalt and has the ability to attract or repel magnetic materials.  Magnetic field: Space/area where magnetic forces are observed. If the field exists, it will deflect a compass needle.  Review Vocabulary/Extension  Dependent Variable: Value is determined by the experiment or changes as a result of the independent variable.  Independent Variable: variable that the experimenter changes in the experiment.

15. Vocab. continued  Magnetic Compass: device that determines the presence and direction of a magnetic field.  ***The following terms should be defined by you for homework.  Geomagnetic North: the point on the earth where a compass would lead to the Earth’s magnetic field  Geographic North: Geographically where on a map we find our North Pole

16. Extension  Qualitative Data- deals with feelings, observations made. Ex. Health of the plant  Quantitative Data – Data dealing with numbers Ex. Height of plant in centimeters

17. Lesson 7 Energy/Speed  Potential Energy- stored energy that can be released, ex. Roller coaster at the top of a hill  Kinetic Energy- energy in motion, ex. Roller coaster riding on the track  Velocity/Speed- how fast something moves

18. Lesson 7 Formulas  Velocity Formula: V = D/T Velocity = Distance divided by Time  Kinetic Energy Formula: 1/2mv 2 ½ mass times velocity squared  ***Please see me if you need help using these formulas

19. Lesson 9: The Fan Car  Describe the motion of our fan car.  Constant, steady when battery and floor did not interrupt it. Slow and steady.  Complete the Data table below for our Fan car. Trial 1Trial 2Trial 3Avg.TimeAvg. Velocity 0-0.4 meters 1.1 sec1.3 sec1.4 sec1.3 sec 0-2.0 meters 4.54.74.94.7 sec

20. Newton’s Laws of Motions  1 st Law: An object at rest/motion will tend to stay at rest/motion unless acted upon by an outside force, Law of Inertia  2 nd Law: Force = Mass X Acceleration  3 rd Law: Action = Reaction  http://teachertech.rice.edu/Participants/louvi ere/Newton/ http://teachertech.rice.edu/Participants/louvi ere/Newton/

21. Lesson 10: Mousetrap Car  Compare/Contrast the Motion of the Fan Car to our Mousetrap Car. Fan car = slow & steady Mousetrap = more acceleration & a definite stop  Calculate the Kinetic Energy for our Mousetrap Car if the mass of our car is.25 kilograms Trial 1Trial 2Trial 3Avg.TimeAvg. Velocity 0-0.5 meters 2.12.52.62.4.2 m/s 0-3.0 meters 5.25.55.95.5.5 m/s

22. Kinetic Energy Solutions  KE = ½ mv 2  ½ Mass =.25 / 2 =.125 V 2 =.2(.2) =.04 .125 X.04 =.005 joules  2 nd problem V 2 =.5(.5) =.25 .125 X.25 =.03125

23. Lessons 11-12: Roller Coaster Physics  Gravitational Potential Energy- the energy an object gains when it is lifted  Formula to Calculate Gravitational Potential Energy  GPE = Weight X Height X 9.8  Weight is measured in grams/kilograms and Height is measured in meters/kilometers  Work-applying a force to move an object  Formula to calculate work  Work = Force X Distance  Force = Mass (g) X Acceleration (m/s)