1. DNA http://www-jmg.ch.cam.ac.uk/tools/magnus/molecules/nucleic/dna1.jpg

2. DNA = Deoxyribonucleic acid D = deoxyribo N = nucleic A = acid Found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells (in the nucleus) & cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells

3. DNA is….. A large molecule (called a nucleic acid) formed by repeating subunits of nucleotides 3 parts of a nucleotide = 1.A phosphate 2.A sugar (called deoxyribose in DNA) 3.A nitrogenous base

4. 4 different Nitrogenous Bases in DNA A = adenineT = thymine C = cytosineG = guanine Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T) & Cytosine (C) always pairs with Guanine (G) these are called complementary base pairs

5. Structure of DNA DNA is a double helix: 2 strands twisted together in opposite directions (antiparallel) like a twisted ladder – The backbone is made of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate – The “rungs” are made of nitrogenous base pairs (A + T and C + G). The bases are connected to each other by chemical connections called hydrogen bonds

6. Function of DNA Stores genetic information in chromosomes Provides the code for making proteins – Proteins control cell functions/metabolism (chemical reactions) – Proteins provide structure for tissue & organs – Proteins determine traits DNA  RNA  protein

7. all DNA molecules are made up of the SAME 4 nucleotides BUT different organisms have different nucleotide sequences that make up each gene 1000’s of nucleotide sequences in a row = 1 gene 1 gene – a segment of 1000’s of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a protein

8. The DNA Song (to the tune of "Row, Row, Row your Boat”) We love DNA, made of nucleotides. Sugar, phosphate and a base bonded down one side. Adenine and thymine make a lovely pair. Cytosine without guanine would feel very bare. http://www.manythings.org/pp/row_your_boat.html