1. 1. THE LEGACY OF WWII  US policy:  Interventionists = United Nations Human cost Holocaust –Nuremberg Trials—1946 –Toyko Trials  The Cold War 1946 to 1989  WWII today

2. UN Democracy Communism Limited Democracy 1 Party State Military Dictatorship Dictatorship Monarchy No Self Government No Government China U.S.AU.S.A *Great Britain **France * ** Soviet Union Founders of the United Nations in 1945 Permanent seats on the Security Council. Replaced the League of Nations to promote world peace

3. The Creation of the U. N.

5.  50 to 60 million people die  US spent $300 billion  National debt $252 billion

6. WW II Casualties: Europe Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the appropriate theater of operations

7. WW II Casualties: Asia Each symbol indicates 100,000 dead in the appropriate theater of operations

8. Country Men in war Battle deathsWounded Australia1,000,00026,976180,864 Austria800,000280,000350,117 Belgium625,0008,46055,513 1 Brazil 2 40,3349434,222 Bulgaria339,7606,67121,878 Canada1,086,343 7 42,042 7 53,145 China 3 17,250,5211,324,5161,762,006 Czechoslovakia—6,683 4 8,017 Denmark—4,339— Finland500,00079,04750,000 France—201,568400,000 Germany20,000,0003,250,000 4 7,250,000 1.Civilians only. 2.Army and navy figures. 3.Figures cover July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. Do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps. 4.Deaths from all causes. 5.Against Soviet Russia; 385,847 against Nazi Germany. 6.Against Soviet Russia; 169,822 against Nazi Germany. 7.National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq., Director of History. 1.Civilians only. 2.Army and navy figures. 3.Figures cover July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. Do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps. 4.Deaths from all causes. 5.Against Soviet Russia; 385,847 against Nazi Germany. 6.Against Soviet Russia; 169,822 against Nazi Germany. 7.National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq., Director of History.

9. Country Men in war Battle deathsWounded Greece—17,02447,290 Hungary—147,43589,313 India2,393,89132,12164,354 Italy3,100,000149,496 4 66,716 Japan9,700,0001,270,000140,000 Netherlands280,0006,5002,860 New Zealand194,00011,625 4 17,000 Norway75,0002,000— Poland—664,000530,000 Romania650,000 5 350,000 6 — South Africa410,0562,473— U.S.S.R.20,000,0006,115,000 4 14,012,000 United Kingdom 5,896,000357,116 4 369,267 United States16,112,566291,557670,846 Yugoslavia3,741,000305,000425,000 1.Civilians only. 2.Army and navy figures. 3.Figures cover July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. Do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps. 4.Deaths from all causes. 5.Against Soviet Russia; 385,847 against Nazi Germany. 6.Against Soviet Russia; 169,822 against Nazi Germany. 7.National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq., Director of History. 1.Civilians only. 2.Army and navy figures. 3.Figures cover July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. Do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps. 4.Deaths from all causes. 5.Against Soviet Russia; 385,847 against Nazi Germany. 6.Against Soviet Russia; 169,822 against Nazi Germany. 7.National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq., Director of History.

10. WW II Casualties Country Men in war Battle deaths Wounded Australia1,000,00026,976180,864 Austria800,000280,000350,117 Belgium625,0008,460 55,513 1 Brazil 2 40,3349434,222 Bulgaria339,7606,67121,878 Canada 1,086,343 7 42,042 7 53,145 China 3 17,250,5211,324,5161,762,006 Czechoslovakia— 6,683 4 8,017 Denmark—4,339— Finland500,00079,04750,000 France—201,568400,000 Germany20,000,000 3,250,000 4 7,250,000 Greece—17,02447,290 Hungary—147,43589,313 India2,393,89132,12164,354 Italy3,100,000 149,496 4 66,716 Japan9,700,0001,270,000140,000 Netherlands280,0006,5002,860 New Zealand 194,000 11,625 4 17,000 Norway75,0002,000— Poland—664,000530,000 Romania 650,000 5 350,000 6 — South Africa 410,0562,473— U.S.S.R.— 6,115,000 4 14,012,000 United Kingdom 5,896,000 357,116 4 369,267 United States 16,112,566291,557670,846 Yugoslavia3,741,000305,000425,000 1.Civilians only. 2.Army and navy figures. 3.Figures cover period July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. They do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps. 4.Deaths from all causes. 5.Against Soviet Russia; 385,847 against Nazi Germany. 6.Against Soviet Russia; 169,822 against Nazi Germany. 7.National Defense Ctr., Canadian Forces Hq., Director of History.

11. HUMAN DISLOATIONS

12. Great destruction resulting in the extensive loss of life, especially by fire The genocide of European Jews and other “undesirables” by the Nazis during World War II Hitler killed over 12 million “undesirables” which 6 million were Jews in his concentration camps

13. JewsMy first and foremost task will be the annihilation of the Jews. Aryan"All the human culture, all the results of art, science, and technology that we see before us today, are almost exclusively the creative product of the Aryan..." AryanJew"The mightiest counterpart to the Aryan is represented by the Jew." Jew"And so I believe to-day that my conduct is in accordance with the will of the Almighty Creator. In standing guard against the Jew I am defending the handiwork of the Lord."

14. AryanMy first and foremost task will be the annihilation of the Jews. "All the human culture, all the results of art, science, and technology that we see before us today, are almost exclusively the creative product of the Aryan..." AryanJew"The mightiest counterpart to the Aryan is represented by the Jew." Jew"And so I believe to-day that my conduct is in accordance with the will of the Almighty Creator. In standing guard against the Jew I am defending the handiwork of the Lord."  Adolf Hitler, 1922 If, with the help of his Marxist creed, the Jew is victorious over the other peoples of the world, his crown will be the funeral wreath of humanity and this planet will, as it did thousands of years ago, move through the ether devoid of men. The end is not only the end of the freedom of the peoples oppressed by the Jew, but also the end of this parasite upon the nations. After the death of his victim, the vampire sooner or later dies too. Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf

15. The Jews have deserved the catastrophe that has now overtaken them. Their destruction will go hand in hand with the destruction of our enemies. Joseph Goebbels, 1942 Jews must pay for its crime just as our Fuehrer predicted in the Reichstag: namely, by the wiping out of the Jewish race in Europe and possibly in the entire world. Joseph Goebbels, 1942

16. Not much will remain of the Jews. On the whole it can be said that about 60% of them will have to be liquidated whereas only about 40% can be used for forced labor. Joseph Goebbels, 1942 I realized once again that the Jewish race is the most dangerous one that inhabits the globe, and that we must show them no mercy and no indulgence. This riffraff must be eliminated and destroyed. Joseph Goebbels, 1942

17. At bottom, however, I believe both the English and the Americans are happy that we are exterminating the Jewish riff-raff. Joseph Goebbels, 1942 It is a question of existence, thus it will be a racial struggle of pitiless severity, in the course of which 20 to 30 million Slavs and Jews will perish through military actions and crises of food supply. Heinrich Himmler, June 1941 Whether nations live in prosperity or starve to death interests me only in so far as we need them as slaves for our culture; otherwise, it is of no interest to me. Heinrich Himmler, 1943

18. The final solution itself... to put it bluntly, the extermination of the Jews, was not provided for by Reich Law. It was a Führer's Order, a so-called Führer's Order. Adolf Eichmann, 1960-61

19. nuremberg Hitler blames Jews for problems of Germany Loss of WWILoss of WWI German Economic DepressionGerman Economic Depression Jews identified as a “race” – not a religion A New Education BeginsA New Education Begins Save Germany from impurities Aryan Virtues----Nuremberg Laws A Common Enemy

20. Phase 1 1933-1939Phase 1 1933-1939 –A Common Enemy : Re-Education –Citizenship Rights? –German Jews face deportation –Violence Escalates----Kristalnacht Phase 2 (1939-1945)Phase 2 (1939-1945) –World War II Declared (England and France) –Ghettos and Forced Labor Camps –Germans begin mass executions of European Jews and Eastern Europeans. –Einzsengruben death squads Phase 3: The Final SolutionPhase 3: The Final Solution –Move to concentration camps –Mass extermination with gas chambers Three Phases of Hatred

21. Death Camps Auschwitz was the main death camp

22. Genocide: Policy of exterminating a race of people…..Nazi policy from 1941 to 1945. Holoc aust

23. Nazi leaders being tried for war crimes and crimes against civilians: Established the principle: That individuals are responsible for the actions regardless if they are carrying out orders…….

24. trial  Crimes against peace, humanity—war crimes  Important principle established:  Individuals responsible for their actions

25. trial Several Nazi leaders would be found guilty for crimes against humanity. Punishments ranged from prison sentences up to life and execution by hanging…...

26. Japanese War Crimes Trials General Hideki Tojo Bio-Chemical Experiments on humans!

28. Yalta KEY DECISIONS United Nations  Created a United Nations  Germany and Berlin divided into 4 zones controlled by the Allies free elections  Eastern European countries allowed “free elections”  Stalin signed agreements but Eastern Europe would stay under Soviet control. “You cannot trust the words of a dictator”. Yalta Conference shaped the post WWII world. The lasting effect was: “You cannot trust the words of a dictator”.

29. coldwar Soviet Goals Wanted to rebuild Europe in ways that would help the Soviet Union recover from the huge losses it suffered during the war Wanted to establish Soviet satellite nations, countries subject to Soviet domination and sympathetic to Soviet goals Wanted to promote the spread of communism throughout the world American Goals Wanted conquered European nations to experience the democracy and economic opportunity that the United States had fought for during the war Wanted to develop strong capitalist economies, which would provide good markets for American products

30. Uneasy peace between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. Competition for world dominance and global power. Fought on political and economic fronts rather than on military battlefields---------Even though the threat of war was always present. Defined America’s foreign policy from 1946 to 1989. It affected domestic politics and how Americans viewed the world and themselves. Constant state of military preparedness and arms race  Propaganda war----Democracy vs Communism  US policy: Support nations threatened by Communism coldwar

31. NATONATO Communistic Warsaw Pact

32. The Bi-Polarization of Europe: The Beginning of the Cold War map/cold war Soviet Union/China and Allies…….. Democracy vs. Communism Bi-Polarization of the World US, Allied Nations and Allied colonies. 1950’s

33. atomic bomb The world would now live with the threat of nuclear war. Arms race between Soviet Union and U.S. who could build the most nuclear weapons. U.S. would use nuclear weapons as a “ deterrent ” Peace through strength…… “nuclear diplomacy” The world would now live with the threat of nuclear war. Arms race between Soviet Union and U.S. who could build the most nuclear weapons. U.S. would use nuclear weapons as a “ deterrent ” Peace through strength…… “nuclear diplomacy”

34. map/cold war Soviet Union/China and Allies…….. Containment: Stop the expansion of Communism in Asia and Europe US, Allied Nations and Allied colonies. 1950’s

35. Communist Expansion Communist Expansion A Chronology of Events China 1949 Soviet Union 1918 Korean War 1950 to 1953 Eastern Europe 1946 CONTAINMENT Marshall Plan Berlin Airlift NATO Korean War Berlin Blockade 1947-8 X X X X

37. 7 Future American Presidents Lives Were Formed by Their Service in World War II

38. The Race for Space

39. Early Computer Technology Came Out of WW II Early Computer Technology Came Out of WW II Mark I, 1944 Admiral Grace Hooper, 1944-1992 COBOL language Colossus, 1941

40. The De-Colonization of European Empires

41. The Emergence of Third World Nationalist Movements