1. T HE USE OF T ECHNOLOGY IN R ACE M ANAGEMENT Peter van Muyden

2. F RO M TOTO

3. A GENDA Global Positioning System (GPS) GPS settings GPS accuracy When to use a GPS and when to use a compass GPS based mark laying Advanced GPS’s Target time calculation Real-Time Weather Station

4. G LOBAL P OSITIONING S YSTEM (GPS) Established in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems The first GPS satellite was launched in 1978. A full constellation of 24 satellites was achieved in 1994. May 2, 2000 "Selective Availability" was discontinued (this improved accuracy from 100M to 10M) Position calculation is based on triangulation of satellites and signal elapsed time

5. GPS SETTINGS Nautical Miles Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) on Time Format 24 hour Current Date Current Time Location formatddd  mm.mmm’ Map DatumWGS 84 North ReferenceMagnetic

6. GPS ACCURACY 1983 +/- 100 Metres Original GPS signal 2001 +/- 10 Metres Selective availability removed 2007 +/- 3 Metres Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) enabled Survey grade GPS systems +/- 2MM

8. W HEN TO USE A GPS AND WHEN TO USE A COMPASS Erro r Accurac y 50%1.4 Mean1.5 RMS1.8 95%3.2 Max.8.0 Distance from targetCompass bearing reading error in Metres MetresNMiles12345 93 0.0523568 185 0.136101316 278 0.15510151924 370 0.2613192632 463 0.25816243240 555 0.31019293949 648 0.351123344557 740 0.41326395265 833 0.451529445873 926 0.51632496581 1018 0.551836537189 1111 0.61939587897 1203 0.6521426384105 1296 0.723456891113 1388 0.7524487397121 1481 0.8265278104130 1573 0.85275582110138 1666 0.9295887116146 1758 0.95316192123154 1851 1326597129162

9. GPS BASED MARK LAYING (C ALCULATING VS P INGING ) Traditional steps (Pinging) Mark boat 4 pings the signal boat Mark boat 4 projects and lays Mark 4 Mark boat 1 pings Mark 4 * Mark boat 1 projects and lays Mark 1 Mark boat 2 pings Mark 1 * Mark boat 2 projects and lays Mark 2 Mark boat 3 pings Mark 2 * Mark boat 3 projects and lays Mark 3 Etc *This adds a +/- 16 Metre error for each Mark. Which can be 64 Metres at Mark 3

10. GPS BASED MARK LAYING (C ALCULATING VS P INGING ) Calculating Signal boat calculates Mark 4 Signal boat radios Mark 4 ( course origin) coordinates to the mark boats Mark boat 1 projects and places Mark 1 * Mark boat 2 projects and places Mark 2 * Mark boat 3 projects and places Mark 3 * Mark boat 4 projects and places Mark 4 * *Maximum error of +/- 8 Metres for the marks.

11. GPS BASED MARK LAYING (C ALCULATING VS P INGING ) Course Axis Trapezoid Course 60, 120 interior angles Course Axis 4 - 11 - 4 4 - 2 2 - 4 4 - 33 - 4SignalPin -3 -Finish 4 - 11 - 4 4 - 2 2 - 4 4 - 33 - 4SignalPin - 3 -Finish 3 - 22 - 31 - 22 - 1- PinSignalFinish- 3 3 - 22 - 31 - 22 - 1- PinSignal Finish- 3 000180319139240060270090120300 180000139319060240090270 300120 005185324144245065275095125305 185005144324065245095275 305125 010190329149250070280100130310 190010149329070250100280 310130 015195334154255075285105135315 195015154334075255105285 315135 020200339159260080290110140320 200020159339080260110290 320140 025205344164265085295115145325 205025164344085265115295 325145 030210349169270090300120150330 210030169349090270120300 330150 035215354174275095305125155335 215035174354095275125305 335155 040220359179280100310130160340 220040179359100280130310 340160 045225004184285105315135165345 225045184004105285135315 345165 050230009189290110320140170350 230050189009110290140320 350170 055235014194295115325145175355 235055194014115295145325 355175 060240019199300120330150180000 240060199019120300150330 000080 065245024204305125335155185005 245065204024125305155335 005085 070250029209310130340160190010 250070209029130310160340 010090 075255034214315135345165195015 255075214034135315165345 015095 080260039219320140350170200020 260080219039140320170350 020100 085265044224325145355175205025 265085224044145325175355 025105 090270049229330150000180210030 270090229049150330180000 030110 095275054234335155005185215035 275095234054155335185005 035115 100280059239340160010190220040 280100239059160340190010 040120 105285064244345165015195225045 285105244064165345195015 045125 110290069249350170020200230050 290110249069170350200020 050130 115295074254355175025205235055 295115254074175355205025 055135 120300079259000180030210240060 300120259079180000210030 060140 125305084264005185035215245065 305125264084185005215035 065145 130310089269010190040220250070 310130269089190010220040 070150 135315094274015195045225255075 315135274094195015225045 075155 140320099279020200050230260080 320140279099200020230050 080160 145325104284025205055235265085 325145284104205025235055 085165 150330109289030210060240270090 330150289109210030240060 090170 155335114294035215065245275095 335155294114215035245065 095175 160340119299040220070250280100 340160299119220040250070 100180 165345124304045225075255285105 345165304124225045255075 105185 170350129309050230080260290110 350170309129230050260080 110190 175355134314055235085265295115 355175314134235055265085 115195

12. Leg LengthsCourse Distances 4 - 1 & 1 - 4 4 - 2 & 2 - 4 1 - 2 & 2 - 1I2I3I4 2 - 3 & 3 - 24 - 3 & 3 - 4O2O3O4 0.20 0.131.131.531.93 0.25 0.171.371.872.37 0.30 0.201.602.202.80 0.35 0.231.832.533.23 0.40 0.272.072.873.67 0.45 0.302.303.204.10 0.50 0.332.533.534.53 0.55 0.372.773.874.97 0.60 0.403.004.205.40 0.65 0.433.234.535.83 0.70 0.473.474.876.27 0.75 0.503.705.206.70 0.80 0.533.935.537.13 0.85 0.574.175.877.57 0.900.890.604.406.208.00 0.950.940.634.636.538.43 1.000.990.674.876.878.87 1.101.090.735.337.539.73 1.201.190.805.808.2010.60 1.301.290.876.278.8711.47 1.401.390.936.739.5312.33 1.501.491.007.2010.2013.20 1.601.591.077.6710.8714.07 1.701.691.138.1311.5314.93 1.801.791.208.6012.2015.80 1.901.891.279.0712.8716.67 2.001.991.339.5313.5317.53 GPS BASED MARK LAYING (C ALCULATING VS P INGING )

14. C OMPUTER BASED COURSE CONFIGURATION GPSLoad Biscayne Bay

15. A DVANCED GPS’ S WITH BUILT - IN RADIOS Broadcast location Transmit Waypoints Poll location 4Mile range

16. T ARGET TIME Reasons for Target Time Schedule Class rules TV broadcast time slot Time limits etc

17. R EAL -T IME W EATHER S TATION GPS Ultrasonic technology 3 Axis Compass Barometer Temperature Wind direction (true, apparent) Wind speed Uses NMEA 2000 network

18. I T DOESN ’ T MATTER WHAT TOOLS YOU PLAN USE, JUST DON ’ T LEAVE HOME WITHOUT THE FOLLOWING :