1. Do Now  How would contact with other peoples might change a nation’s history?  In section 2, you will learn how contact with European Nations affected the Qing Dyansty.

2. China and Europeans Objectives: Characterize early contact between Portugal and China Explain why China and Great Britain went to war in the mid 1800’s. Describe how internal Rebellions contributed to the decline of the Qing Dynasty

3. The Portuguese  1514 Portuguese ships reached the southeastern coast of China  Chinese allowed the Portuguese to establish a trading post in Macao  Portuguese came as traders and missionaries  Jesuits used their knowledge of astronomy to gain access to the emperor

4. The Portuguese  The Jesuits in China  Gained economic, political and spiritual power  They converted high ranking Chinese officials to Catholicism  The Jesuits‘ increase in power caused many Chinese leaders to become suspicious and concerned because of their allegiance to the Pope

5. The Portuguese  Qing Rulers  Denounced Christianity as anti- Confucian  The number of Christian converts declined  China deported missionaries to Macao for a time

6. The British  British established a trading post at Guangzhou  The British came to China to buy tea and silk  British regarded the Chinese tea as the best in the world  The British East India Co. agreed to Chinese restrictions to gain a monopoly on Chinese tea  The British could only dock in Guangzhou  Representatives were required to stay in Guangzhou  British could only trade with approved Chinese merchants

7. The British  Free trade ideas  Supporters of free trade argued that governments should not restrict or interfere in foreign trade  Britain became involved with the free trade debate because they wanted China to open up more ports to British merchants  Britain broke the monopoly the British East India Company had on trade

9. The British  The Opium Trade  The British demand for tea increased  British East India Co. paid for their tea with cotton from India  Chinese demand for cotton stabilize and the British needed a new product in exchange for tea: Opium—an addictive drug became that product

10. The British  The Opium Trade  Opium addiction spread among the Chinese people  China’s silver supply was being used to pay for opium  There was more silver leaving China than coming in: trade imbalance—the Chinese government wanted to stop the opium trade because of its devastating effect on the silver supply

11. The British  The Opium War (1839-1842)  British government did not respond to Chinese demands  When the Chinese tried to forcibly stop the trade of opium, war broke out—The Opium War

12. The British  The Treaty of Nanjing (1842)  Gave the island of Hong Kong to the British  Opened five ports to British trade  British subjects in the ports would follow British, not Chinese laws  The requirement that foreigners must follow the laws of their home country instead of the laws of the country in which they live is called extraterritoriality

13. The British  United States and France also demanded trade treaties  Because the Chinese signed the treaties under pressure and the threat of further invasion, they called them unequal treaties  The British and the Chinese would go to war again in 1856 over another trade dispute and the Chinese were forced to sign another unequal treaty

14. Indicate above of the arrows products traded between the countries India Great Britain China

15. Rebellions  The Taiping Rebellion (1850 -1864)  Influenced by Christian teachings, Hong Xiuquan led a revolt to establish a new dynasty  The Taiping Revolt and other rebellions seriously weakened the Qing Dynasty  Foreign powers were able to exploit China due to its internal struggles

16. Close  How did contact with Europeans affect China  Should China have remained isolated from the Europeans?  Home Work : Read pp. 422-427;notes; the Tokugawa Shoguns in Japan