1. China and Japan’s Reaction to the West

2. Chinese Resistance  Isolationists  Tributary ties to neighboring countries  Only allowed one port to be open- Guangzhou

4. Problems with the West  Tea-Opium Connection  China controlled trade, Britain drained of money  Opium trade began  War Breaks Out

5. In 1839 China attempted to halt the illegal importation of opium by British merchants. Britain responded by bombing Canton (Guangzhou), shown here. Britain won the battle easily, and China was forced to cede the island of Hong Kong to Britain.

6. China’s efforts to curb the opium trade were unsuccessful and led to defeats in the First and Second Opium Wars (1839-1842, 1856-1860). By 1890, it is estimated that over 15 million Chinese were addicted to opium.

7. Internal Problems Increase  Taiping Rebellion  Empress resists change  Other nations want a cut  Sphere of influence  Open Door Policy  Nationalism Grows  Boxer Rebellion  Reform Begins

9. Chinese resentment grew toward Japan and Western countries because of their economic and political exploitation and humiliating military defeats of China. Attacks culminated in Beijing, which claimed the lives of many Chinese and foreigners. Western powers occupied the city and quelled the revolt.

10. Japan Modernizes  Treaty of Kanagawa  Meiji era  Japanese Imperialism Grows  Japan Attacks China  Russo- Japanese War  Korea Under Japanese Occupation