1. Bellringer  sphere of influence  Open Door Policy  Indemnity  concessions I can… o Explain the effects of European imperialism in China and Japan?

2. Topic: Imperialism in China and Japan

4. Numbered Heads #1  : What factors led to the decline of the Qing dynasty in China and what steps eventually led to reform?

5. The Tai Ping Rebellion (pages 467–468) Because the Chinese government failed to handle its internal economic problems, the Tai Ping Rebellion, a peasant revolt, occurred from 1850 to 1864.  It was led by Hong Xiuquan, who saw himself as the younger brother of Jesus Christ.  He was convinced God had given him the mission of destroying the Qing dynasty.

6. The Opium War The Chinese knew of the dangers of this highly addictive drug and had made its trade illegal.  At first they appealed to the British government on moral grounds to stop the export of opium into China. Britain refused to stop.  The Chinese government blockaded Guangzhou to force the traders to surrender their opium, and Britain responded by starting the Opium War (1839–1842).

7. Opening the Door to China (pages 470–471) Great Britain and the United States feared other nations would overrun China should its government collapse.  In 1899 the U.S. secretary of state John Hay proposed equal access to the Chinese market for all nations.  No nation disagreed, and Hay declared that the foreign states agreed China should have an Open Door policy.

8. Numbered Heads #3  How did the Open Door Policy reduce tensions in China?

9. The Boxer Rebellion (page 471) The Open Door policy did not stop the Boxer Rebellion, however.  Boxer was the popular name for members of the secret group called the Society of Harmonious Fists, who practiced a system of exercise they thought would protect them from bullets.

10. The rise of Imperial Japan.

11. The Pacific Ocean.

12. The background.  Western countries merely wished to exploit Asia and showed much prejudice against her peoples.  The 19thcentury Western carving up of China had been a warning to Japan.  Japan realized that to retain her independence and national character she had to adopt some Western ideas, and quickly.  In particular Japan copied Western military ideas, for example her navy started building a ‘dreadnaught’ battleship in 1905 - a year before HMS Dreadnaught was started in Britain.  Japan’s modern military then set about finding ways to promote Japanese interests abroad.  China was defeated in battle in 1894-5 and Japan got influence on the mainland and Taiwan. This was the First Sino-Japanese War. (Sino=Chinese)

13. Numbered Heads #1  Why did Japan open its ports to Western traders and what was the response among Japanese Samurai?

14. American Navy Commodore Matthew Perry arrives in Japan, August 7, 1853

15. Emperor Meiji Mutsuhito “the enlightened rule”

16. Meiji Restoration  Liberals wanted political reform based on Western democracies  Progressives wanted to give more control to the executive branch, shared powers between the executive and legislative branches  Introduced economic changes, wanted “a rich country and a strong state.”  Encourages industry, provided subsidies, training, transportation, communication and education

17. Numbered Heads #2  What changes came about in Japan as a result of the Meiji Restoration?

18. Joining the Imperialists  Japan wanted colonies too.  Seized the Ryukyu Islands from China  Made Korea an open port  Defeated China in 1894, acquired the island of Taiwan  Attacked Russia’s Port Arthur  Japan was now a World Power

19. Numbered Heads #3  What actions of Japan were imperialistic in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

20. Written Summarization (Closure)  What were the effects of European imperialism in China and Japan?