1. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Chapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas 6.7 Alkanes Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. 2 Structural Formulas Alkanes are written with structural formulas that are expanded to show each bond condensed to show each carbon atom and its attached hydrogen atoms

3. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 3 Drawing Structures for Butane In the expanded structure formula, each bond from the C atom to the attached H atoms is shown. In the condensed structural formula, each C atom is combined with its attached H atoms.

4. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 4 IUPAC Names for the First 10 Alkanes

5. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 5 Learning Check A. What is the condensed formula for H H H H H      H  C  C  C  C  C  H      H H H H H B. What is its molecular formula? C. What is its name?

6. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 6 Solution A.CH 3 ─CH 2 ─CH 2 ─CH 2 ─CH 3 B. C 5 H 12 C. pentane

7. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 7 Learning Check Draw the condensed structural formula for heptane.

8. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 8 Solution The prefix in the alkane name heptane indicates that the condensed structural formula contains 7 C atoms. Heptane CH 3  CH 2  CH 2  CH 2  CH 2  CH 2  CH 3

9. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 9 Properties of Alkanes Alkanes are nonpolar are less dense than water with 1-4 carbon atoms are gases with 5-8 carbon atoms are liquids at room temperature with 9-17 carbon atoms are liquids such as kerosene, diesel, and jet fuel with 18 or more carbon atoms are waxy solids

10. Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Concept Map 10