1. Niacin (Vitamin B3) BY: KALEY O’BRIEN

2. What is niacin?  Water soluble vitamin  Chemically it’s called 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid  Aids in ATP production  Necessary for the nervous system  Formation of hormones (cortisone, thyroxine, insulin, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone.  Converted to niacinamide, the precursor or tryptophan.

3. Sources  Meats  Cereals  Legumes  Seeds  Nuts  Milk  Eggs

4. Deficiency  Pellagra is the known niacin deficiency.  Symptoms:  Erythematous cutaneous eruptions on back of hands  Glossitis  Stomatitis  Dermatitis  Diarrhea  Dementia  Burning oral mucosa  Red, swollen lips  Mucosal ulcers  Extinction of papilla  Gingivitis  **Most prevalent in poverty stricken areas**

5. Excess  Adverse effects from ingestion of excessive amounts of niacin:  Vasodilation  Flushing of the skin  Nausea  Itching  Tachycardia  Fainting  Blurred vision  Abnormal liver functions  Gout  Xerostomia  Oral ulcers

6. Treatment and Adverse Effects  Used to Treat:  Pellagra  Lower LDL cholesterol  Raise HDL cholesterol  Adverse Effects:  Gastrointestinal upset  Flushing of skin  Itching sensation on the skin

7. Adequate Dosages  Men- 16 mg daily  Women- 14 mg daily  Pregnant women 18 mg daily  Breast feeding women- 17 mg daily

8. Works Cited Comp, Inc. Drug information handbook: a comprehensive resource for all clinicians and healthcare professionals.. 22nd ed. (2013-2014) ; North American ed. Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, 2013. Print. Haveles, Elena B.. Applied pharmacology for the dental hygienist. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier, 2007. Print. Navarra, Tova. The encyclopedia of vitamins, minerals, and supplements. 2nd ed. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2004. Print. Nursing 2014 drug handbook. 34th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014. Print. Pickett, Frieda Atherton, and G. T. Terezhalmy. Basic principles of pharmacology with dental hygiene applications. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009. Print.

9. Works Cited (cont.) Pickett, Frieda Atherton, and G. T. Terezhalmy. Basic principles of pharmacology with dental hygiene applications. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009. Print. Stegeman, Cynthia A., and Judi Ratliff Davis. The dental hygienist's guide to nutritional care. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier Saunders, 2005. Print. http://www.chemistry-reference.com/q_compounds.asp?CAS=59-67-6 http://www.moondragon.org/health/disorders/pellagra.html http://www.sparknotes.com/health/vitamins/watersoluble/section3.rhtml http://blog.wellnessfx.com/2013/10/17/cholesterol-wrong-all-along/