1. The Oft-Forgotten Imagistic Modality of Spoken Language Thomas Nash I. Introduction A. Gestures are part of the utterance B. What does this mean for language learning? II. Background concepts A. Synchronic & diachronic aspects of spoken language B. Paradigmatic and syntagmatic contrasts C. Pure linguistic value and intrinsic value

2. III. Speech and gesture A. Speech is linear and segmented B. Gestures represent imagistic thinking (1) Nonarbitrary (2) Noncompositional (3) Part of the utterance (a) Synchronized with speech (b) Take over semantic complexity

3. IV. Learner examples A. Child language B. Foreign language V. Examples of questions raised A. In public speaking B. In the process of language learning VI. Conclusion