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Characterization of a Large Mumps Outbreak Among Adolescents in Jerusalem, Israel 2009-2010 in Communities Associated with Jewish Communities in New York Mumps outbreak in Jerusalem affecting mainly male adolescents. Stein-Zamir C, Shoob H, Abramson N, Tallen-Gozani E, Sokolov I, Zentner G. Euro Surveill. 2009 Dec 17;14(50). 1 Chen Stein-Zamir MD MPH Jerusalem District Health Office Ministry of Health Israel
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Mumps in Israel 1977-2008 Year Number of cases Rate / 100,000 Data Source: Dep. Epidem. And ICDC, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Incidence Rate /100,000 by age-group, Israel:1977-2004 Data Source: Dep. Epidem. And ICDC, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Mumps in Israel 1997-2008 Year Number of cases Data Source: Dep. Epidem. And ICDC, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Mumps Vaccine schedule in Israel MMR schedule: 12 months, 6 years of age. Since 2008 MMRV (Priorix-Tetra, GSK) Composition: Jeryl Lynn strain 5
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Mumps outbreak in Jerusalem, Israel 16 Sept. 2009 -31 Mars 2010: 1862 reported cases in Jerusalem > 2600 reported cases of mumps in Israel 6 Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Mumps Outbreak Case Definition case definition: an illness with acute onset of unilateral / bilateral tender, self- limited swelling of the parotid / other salivary glands, lasting at least 2 days, and without other apparent cause. Probable case: a case that meets the clinical case definition without laboratory confirmation + epidemiologically linked to a clinically compatible case Confirmed case: a case that 1) meets the clinical case definition or occurs in a patient with a clinically compatible illness and 2) is either laboratory confirmed or is epidemiologically linked to a confirmed case. 7
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Cases’ Characteristics Males: 1218/1862 (65.4%). > 90% members of ultra-orthodox Jewish communities. 1232 (66.2%) religious colleges and schools. Geographic distribution: - Jerusalem 61.1% - Other cities 39.9% 8 Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Case ascertainment Positive mumps IgM antibody: 104 patients. Positive mumps IgG antibody: 121 patients. Positive real-time RT-PCR in urine: 5 patients. Genotype G 5 identified. The others- diagnosed on the basis of clinical features and epidemiologic association. 9 Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Number of cases Mumps outbreak - Jerusalem epidemic curve - September 2009- March 2010 September OctoberNovemberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarch Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Number of cases Age group Mumps outbreak in Jerusalem 2009-10 cases age-group and gender distribution Mean age=14.4± 8.9 Median= 12.9 11 Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Schools Total number of casesNumber of schoolsNumber of Mumps cases per school 142 1 2891062-4 268445-9 1471310-14 128815-19 188820-30 70230+ 1232323Total 12 Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Vaccination status Parental report. Review of vaccination cards. Verification from health-care providers. 13
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Number of cases Age group Mumps outbreak - Jerusalem 2009-10 cases age & vaccination status 14 241 cases: vaccine status unknown Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Vaccine coverage: Israel MMR1 in 2006 among children at 2Y :.96% MMR 1in 1992 – 82.3 %. 15
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Epidemiologic Links 1.Contact with yeshiva students from New York. 2.Visited Israel during the High Holidays, Sept. 2009. 3.Some reported to have recently had mumps. 16
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Mumps Outbreak: NY & Jerusalem 58%61%Age 7–18 years 82%91%Age > 6 years 12.9 y15 yMedian age 4 months- 66 years3 months- 90 yearsAge range 65.4%76%Male (%) 74%75%2 doses MMR vaccine 1.8%1.3%Hospitalization Update: mumps outbreak - New York and New Jersey, June 2009-January 2010. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Feb 12;59(5):125-9. Data Source: Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel
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Prevalence of mumps antibodies 19991997/19981987Population group 82.3%92.5%18-19y olds 83.3%94.1%18-19y olds 68.5%18-19y olds Foreign-born 86.1%18-19y olds Israeli born 77%Age-stratified population sample 59%10-13y olds 18 1.Amital H, Weiss Y. Medax 2001 – Summary of the medical corps session. IMAJ 2002:4:153-5 2.Huerta et al Vaccine. 2006 Sep 11;24(37-39):6300-3 3.Muhsen et al Epidemiol Infect. 2008 May;136(5):688-93.
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Control measures Investigation: Relevant schools Student vaccination status. Referral for completion of MMR. Isolation. Routine Vaccination – Coverage. Information: Circulated to all HMOs in the District, and to the public via the mass media. 19
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Why? Vaccine failure? Failure to vaccinate? Waning immunity? Accumulation of susceptibles? Setting, high risk for transmission? Characteristics of mumps infection of immunity? Misdiagnosis of mumps? 20
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