1. H IGH E FFICIENCY L OUDNESS M ODEL FOR BROADCAST CONTENT C ONVENTION P APER 8612 T RAVAGLINI, A LEMANNO, U NCINI info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

2. Current standard in broadcasting ITU-R BS1770-3 info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome Relative gating @ -10LU

3. Investigation Gating method and «anchor element» detection Frequencies Weighting (Low Freq – High Freq) Weighting of Centre and Surround Channels, and consistency between MCA and STEREO formats LFE computation info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

4. Goal and method info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome High Efficiency Loudness Model design: Frequency and level weighting LFE inclusion Recursive gating Objective and subjective tests (30 subjects)

5. Reproduction environment info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome TV set Frequency Response Home Theatre Frequency Response

6. Spatial human hearing info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome ISO 226-2003 Standard ITU 775-1

7. LFE insertion LFE is included info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

8. Channels weighting info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome L-R Filter ±30° C Filter Front LFE Filter Front Ls-Rs Filter ±100°-120°

9. Frequency weighting - LR info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

10. Frequency weighting - C info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

11. Frequency weighting - LsRs info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

12. Frequency weighting - LFE info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

13. Recursive Gating @ -7LU info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

14. PILL (Positive Interval Loudness Level) info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

15. Objective Tests results info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome F ULL -A NCHOR D IFFERENCES G ATING MCA - STEREO PL DIFFERENCES MCA-S TEREO M USIC VS S PEECH L OW F REQUENCIES

16. Subjective Tests results info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome MOS H.E.L.M. MOS 1770- 2 GATING 14,173,53 GATING 23,671,83 GATING 33,273,17 GATING 43,573,17 LOW. FREQ. 13,673,23 LOW. FREQ. 23,632,83 LOW. FREQ. 33,602,97 LOW. FREQ. 44,33 MCA vs DWNMX 14,374,17 MCA vs DWNMX 24,433,90 MCA vs DWNMX 33,672,37 MCA vs DWNMX 43,502,83 MSC vs SP 13,573,17 MSC vs SP 23,302,80 S INGLE TRACKS RESULTS T OTAL R ESULTS BY CATEGORY

17. Cinema CUSTOM DESIGN OF FREQUENCY AND LEVEL WEIGHTING WOULD BE NECESSARY BECAUSE OF: - room dimension - screen size and preferred listening level - loudspeakers layout - X-curve compensation VOICE DETECTION as opposite to GATING is recommended in order to detect the “anchor element” loudness level MAX SHORT TERM limiting in order to prevent annoyance of loud parts info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome

18. Thanks AES Convention Paper 8612 www.alessandrotravaglini.it info@alessandrotravaglini.it 134° AES Convention Rome