1. Español I Señora Berndt
Cognados - Cognates

2. Cognados - Cognates
There are some Spanish words that when you see them, you know (or think you know what they mean. They may be spelled exactly a like – or similar to – an English word. An example would be “hotel”. Such words are called Cognates Cognates are our Friends. Although cognates may be spelled like our words, they are not pronounced the same.

3. Ejemplos normal animal metal final general hospital natural actor
doctor
color
favor
garage
horrible
terrible
probable
ángel

4. Mas ejemplos imposible absolutamente excelente completamente
importante
clase
fantástico
eléctrico
matemáticas
universidad
absolutamente
completamente
dentista
artista
nervioso
necesario
primario
secundario

5. ¡Cuidado! - Beware
There are words which look like English words but are actually what are called “False Cognates” or “false friends” False cognates are NOT our friends. Look at the following words: pie pan meter quince If they are English words, we know what they mean. If they are in Spanish – do we?

6. The real meaning
Pie = foot, not pie Pan = bread, not pan Meter = to put or to place, not meter Quince = fifteen, not quince Let’s look at some more words

7. What do you think these words mean?
hay sin once leer saber sopa embarazada

8. They are False Friends
hay – there is, there are sin - without once - eleven leer – to read saber – to know sopa – soup embarazada - pregnant

9. You can read Spanish!
You may not know it, but if I tell you that EL = the and HAY = there is or there are you can read a whole paragraph in Spanish. Let’s try it.

10. You can read Spanish!
El elefante es un animal inteligente. Hay muchos elefantes en África. El camello es un animal enorme. Hay camellos en el desierto. El tigre es un animal feroz. El león es otro animal feroz. Hay muchos animales feroces en el circo.

11. OR Remains Identical el doctor el actor el tractor interior el color
el profesor
el favor
el conductor
el error
el inventor OR
Remains Identical

12. Some words that end in “CAL” in English end in “CO” in Spanish.
el animal
central
local
personal
el criminal
el canal
comercial
legal
musical
natural
rural
social AL
Remains Identical
Some words that end in “CAL” in English end in “CO” in Spanish.
Logical = lógico
Typical = típico

13. BLE Remains Identical el cable notable terrible posible flexible
probable
honorable
noble
horrible
inevitable
BLE
Remains Identical

14. ADD THE LETTER “O” TO WORDS THAT END IN “IC”
IC = ICO
el atlántico
el publico
romántico
democrático
artístico
elástico
eléctrico
automático
ADD THE LETTER “O” TO WORDS THAT END IN “IC”

15. Add the letter “e” to words that end in “ent” or “ant” in English
el presidente
el accidente
el cliente
excelente
importante
diferente
conveniente
el elefante
inteligente
ENT =ENTE ANT=ANTE
Add the letter “e” to words that end in “ent” or “ant” in English

16. IST = ISTA el pianista el violinista el dentista un artista
un novelista
un optimista
el comunista
el capitalista
IST = ISTA
You can convert many English words that end in “ist” into Spanish by adding “a” to them.

17. OUS = OSO famoso curioso delicioso generoso glorioso ambicioso
religioso
OUS = OSO
English words that end in “ous” into Spanish by changing the “ous” to “OSO”

18. In general words which in in “ION” en English end in “ión” in Spanish
corrección
instrucción
construcción
convención
la invitación
la conversación
la nación
la acción
la discusión
la introducción
la petición
la opinión
TION = CIÓN SION = SIÓN
In general words which in in “ION” en English end in “ión” in Spanish

19. In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish
la capacidad
la dignidad
la personalidad
la electricidad
la curiosidad
la comunidad
la humanidad
la publicidad
TY-= DAD
In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish

20. In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish
la capacidad
la dignidad
la personalidad
la electricidad
la curiosidad
la comunidad
la humanidad
la publicidad
TY= DAD
In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish

21. In general words which end in “ry” in English end in “rio” in Spanish
el canario
aniversario
contrario
necesario
literario
diccionario
imaginario
involuntario
itinerario
extraordinario
RY to RIO
In general words which end in “ry” in English end in “rio” in Spanish

22. EM = EMA AM = AMA el programa el telegrama el cablegrama el problema
el poema
el sistema
EM = EMA AM = AMA
In general words which end in “em or ema” in English end in “ema or ama” in Spanish

23. In general words which end in “ce” in English end in “cia” in Spanish
la distancia
la conveniencia
la experiencia
la importancia
la justicia
Francia
Alicia
CE = CIA
In general words which end in “ce” in English end in “cia” in Spanish

24. In general words which end in “cy” in English end in “cia” in Spanish
la emergencia
la tendencia
la urgencia
la diplomacia
la democracia
CY = CIA
In general words which end in “cy” in English end in “cia” in Spanish

25. In general words which end in “INE” in English end in “INA” in Spanish
la sardina
la gasolina
la medicina
la penicilina
la doctrina
la aspirina
la vitamina
IN OR INE = INA
In general words which end in “INE” in English end in “INA” in Spanish

26. In general words which end in “IVE” in English end in “IVO” in Spanish
activo
el explosivo
el creativo
el ofensivo
el defectivo
el abusivo
el adjectivo
el motivo
IVE = IVO
In general words which end in “IVE” in English end in “IVO” in Spanish

27. EL FIN
Practica Palabras