1. Thermal power plant , panipat
By : Nidhi Bansal
Roll no

2. Basic principle of thermal power plant
A thermal power plant basically works on Rankine cycle.
Rankine cycle is a cycle that converts heat into work

3. Layout of thermal plant

5. Main parts of plant Coal conveyor Stoker Pulveriser Boiler Coal ash
Air preheater
Electrostatic precipitator

6. Smoke stack
Turbine
Condenser
Economizer
Transformers
Cooling towers
Generators
High - voltage power lines

7. 1. Coal conveyor A belt type arrangement.
From coal storage place in power plant to the place near by boiler.

8. 2. Stoker Mechanical device for feeding coal to a furnace
This mechanism is required for feeding coal into the furnace through mechanical methods

9. 3. Pulveriser
Device for grinding coal for combustion in a furnace in a power plant.
Types of Pulverisers :
Ball and Tube Mill
Ring and Ball

10. 4. Boiler
An enclosed vessel in which water is heated and circulated until the water is turned in to steam at the required pressure.
Coal is burned inside the combustion chamber of boiler.

11. Classification of Boilers
Fire tube boilers
Water tube boilers
Superheater
Reheater

12. 5. Condenser
Heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state, also known as phase transition.
The purpose to condense the outlet (or exhaust) steam from steam turbine is to obtain maximum efficiency.
Condensers are classified as
Jet condensers or contact condensers
Surface condensers.

13. 6. Cooling Towers
Device in which atmospheric air (the heat receiver) circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer water (the heat source) and the water is thereby cooled.

14. 7. Economiser
Recover some of the heat from the heat carried away in the flue gases up the chimney and utilize for heating the feed water to the boiler.

15. 8. Air preheater
Device used in steam boilers to transfer heat from the flue gases to the combustion air before the air enters the furnace.
Improve boiler efficiency by burning warm air which increases combustion efficiency, and reducing useful heat lost from the flue.

16. 9. Electrostatic precipitator
Device which removes dust or other finely divided particles from flue gases by charging the particles inductively with an electric field, then attracting them to highly charged collector plates.

17. 10. Smoke stack
A smoke stack(chimney) is a system for venting hot flue gases or smoke from a boiler, stove, furnace or fireplace to the outside atmosphere.

18. 11. Generator
An alternator is an electromechanical device that converts mechanical energy to alternating current electrical energy.

19. 12. Transmitter
Use sensing element and use to measure pressure, temperature and level measurement
Also called differential transformer
Works on the principle that input differential pressure converted into capacitance which gives amplified current output

20. 14. Temperature Measurement
Expansion thermometer
Change of state of thermometer
Electrical measurement of temperature
Expansion thermometer:-
Liquid in glass thermometer
Thermocouple

21. 15. Pressure measurement
Manometer
Bourden Tube
Pressure switch

22. 16. Transformers
Device that transfers electric energy from one alternating-current circuit to one or more other circuits, either increasing (stepping up) or reducing (stepping down) the voltage

23. 17. Power generation Following steps:- Coal to steam
steam to mechanical power
switching and transmission

24. Auxiliary systems Boiler make-up water treatment plant and storage
Fuel preparation system
Barring gear
Oil system
Generator cooling
Generator high voltage system
Monitoring and alarm system
Battery supplied emergency lighting and communication

25. Questions????