1. Culture and Natural Resources Nadia Ahmed Afra Saif Alia Aljeedi

2. Introduction Culture: An integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon the capacity for symbolic thought and social learning. Natural resources: Economically referred to as land or raw material occur naturally within environments that exist relatively undisturbed by mankind, in a natural form..

3. GIS Cultural ResourcesNatural Resources

4. Applications in Cultural Resources Predictive Modeling Site Risk Assessment Line of Sight and Intervisibility 3_D Modeling Data Sharing

5. Applications in Natural Resources Vegetation Studies Biological Evaluation Mine Planning

6. Predictive modeling is the process by which a model is created or chosen to try to best predict the probability of an outcome.

7. Define areas Use GIS in Archaeology Mapping Manual Method Populated area Natural Force Site Risk Assessment View point depend on feature Line –of-sight and intervisibility

8. 3-D Modeling 1-GIS system to test a liner-of- sight analysis 2- indivisibility requires coordinates. 3-elevations for the site location. 4-DEM(digitail elevation model) it’s about file that contains elevations from which contours can be generated

9. Data sharing +Data is the limiting factor in any GIS study. +when we was the individuals data - very expensive -time consuming -nearly impossible to collect data and create the base maps. +A natural progression demand for data sharing, +same state stared to input archaeological survey information into centralized GIS system +processing the information un he GIS system is take long time and laborious, because they are 100 of paper maps and associated overlays.

10. Applications in Natural Resources 1- vegetation studies -Vegetation studies have became popular especlly study the changing. -study must setup: *photography *developing a classification system. -A map of the area would be produced and various statistics run on the vegetation information. *first, the vegetation polygons are drawn on the photo by the best judgement of the biologists. *second, when mapping thing over time here is this problem of advancing technology.

11. _ Mapping natural resources to have a suitable habitat * _ GIS mapping project to evaluate a suitable habitat.*

12. Next, themes that depict habitat type would be overlain on the base map. _ Fieldwork, example*

13. Mine Planning _ GIS is playing a large role in the mining industry. _ for the rapid testing of many mine plan models a company can create a plan of operation that not only minimizes impacts but also maximizes efficiency. _ Issues can be mapped and analyzed * _ Visual impacts can be designed in 3 D*

14. Conclusion _ 2 D mapping and data analysis are the main uses for GIS in the fields of cultural and natural resources. _ In order to begin any mapping task, one must have the software, hardware, data, and understanding of how it all fits together. Visual impacts can be designed in 3 D