1. Prepared by student of group D-21 Vedenyova Darya

2.   Preamble  Life  Style  Themes  Influence  Works The contents:

3.  Preamble

4.   According to some sources he was born in Breugel near the (now Dutch) town of Breda. He was an apprentice of Pieter Coecke van Aelst, whose daughter Mayken he later married. He spent some time in France and Italy, and then went to Antwerp, where in 1551 he was accepted as a master in the painter's guild. He traveled to Italy soon after, and then returned to Antwerp before settling in Brussels permanently 10 years later. He received the nickname 'Peasant Bruegel ' or 'Bruegel the Peasant' for his alleged practice of dressing up like a peasant in order to mingle at weddings and other celebrations, thereby gaining inspiration and authentic details for his genre paintings. He died in Brussels on 9 September 1569 and was buried in the Kapellekerk. He was the father of Pieter Brueghel the Younger and Jan Brueghel the Elder. Both became painters, but as they were very young children when their father died, it is believed neither received any training from him. Life

5.   In Bruegel's later years he painted in a simpler style than the Italianate art that prevailed in his time. The most obvious influence on his art is the older Dutch master Hieronymus Bosch, particularly in Bruegel's early "demonological" paintings such as “The Triumph of Death” and “Dulle Griet (Mad Meg)”. Style

6.  The Triumph of Death

7.  “Dulle Griet (Mad Meg)”.

8.  It was in nature, however, that he found his greatest inspiration as he is identified as being a master of landscapes. It was in these landscapes that Bruegel created a story, seeming to combine several scenes in one painting. Such works can be seen in “ The Fall of the Rebel Angels” and the previously mentioned The Triumph of Death.

9.   Bruegel specialized in genre paintings populated by peasants, often with a large landscape element, but also painted religious works. Making the life and manners of peasants the main focus of a work was rare in painting in Brueghel's time, and he was a pioneer of the Netherlandish genre painting. His earthy, unsentimental but vivid depiction of the rituals of village life—including agriculture, hunts, meals, festivals, dances, and games—are unique windows on a vanished folk culture and a prime source of iconographic evidence about both physical and social aspects of 16th century life. Themes The Wedding Dance The Return of the Herd

10.  For example, the painting Netherlandish Proverbs illustrates dozens of then-contemporary aphorisms (many of them still in use in current Dutch or Flemish),

11.  and Children's Games shows the variety of amusements enjoyed by young people.

12.  His winter landscapes of 1565 (e.g. Hunters in the Snow ) are taken as corroborative evidence of the severity of winters during the Little Ice Age.

13.  Using abundant spirit and comic power, he created some of the early images of acute social protest in art history. Examples include paintings such as The Fight Between Carnival and Lent (a satire of the conflicts of the Reformation) and engravings like The Ass in the School and Strongboxes Battling Piggybanks. On his deathbed he reportedly ordered his wife to burn the most subversive of his drawings to protect his family from political persecution.

14.   His painting Landscape with the Fall of Icarus is the subject of the 1938 poem "Musée des Beaux Arts" by W. H. Auden, and also of a 1960 poem by William Carlos Williams that also uses Bruegel's title. Influence

15.  Landscape with the Fall of Icarus (c. 1558)

16.  Russian film director Andrei Tarkovksy referenced Bruegel's paintings in his films several times, notably in Solaris (1972) and The Mirror (1975). His 1564 painting The Procession to Calvary inspired the 2011 Polish-Swedish film co-production "The Mill and the Cross", in which Bruegel is played by Rutger Hauer.

17.   There are about 45 authenticated surviving paintings, one third of which are in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. A number of others are known to have been lost. There are a large number of drawings. Brueghel only etched one plate himself, The Rabbit Hunt, but designed many engravings and etchings, mostly for the Cock publishing house. Works

18.  The Tower of Babel

19.  The Harvesters (1565)

20.  Massacre of the Innocents

21.  The Blind Leading the Blind (1568)

22.  Winter Landscape with a Bird Trap

23.  The End