1. U.S. History 1 Roaring 20s part 3: Prohibition, Business Boom, Cultural Conflicts

2. Prohibition  18 th Amendment banned the production, sales, and transportation of alcohol in America  American cities mostly ignored Prohibition  Alcohol still in demand

3. Bootleggers and Organized Crime  Bootleggers supplied illegal alcohol by smuggling alcohol into the country or by making it themselves  In several cities, bootleggers formed large organizations to control the sale of alcohol  Gangsters like Al Capone of Chicago built a huge, extremely profitable crime organizations (mafia)

4. Business Boom  Development of a consumer economy –People began buying products in large numbers –People borrowed money to buy products they could not afford –Automobile making became the biggest industry in U.S. (Ford’s use of the assembly line)  Installment Buying –Able to buy product while making payments –More products can be made

5. Automobile Industry Fuels the Boom –High demand for automobiles helped the steel, rubber, and gasoline industries grow –New businesses were born – garages, motels, gas stations, restaurants (more road construction)

6. The Sacco and Vanzetti Trial  Two Italians immigrants were arrested for the robbery and death of two workers at a factory in Massachusetts  Using circumstantial evidence, Sacco & Vanzetti was found guilty and executed  Historians believe anti- immigration sentiment in America caused these two to be found guilty

7. The New KKK  In the 1920s, fueled by intolerance and racism, the Ku Klux Klan ordered its members to “search everywhere for hidden enemies, vipers at the heart’s blood of our sacred republic  Targets: Catholics, blacks, Jews, immigrants, homosexuals, drug dealers, “wild women”, and the Pope

8. KKK Use of Violence  KKK started race riots in major cities like NYC and St. Louis which promoted hatred between whites and blacks  Lynchings still occurred, primarily in southern states (53 blacks and 8 whites in 1920 alone)

9. Marcus Garvey and Black Pride  President of the United Negro Improvement Association  Promoted black pride, teaching that African civilization predated European civilization, and that God was black  Promoted a separatist vision of blacks returning to Africa to regain the continent they had lost to European imperialists

10. The Science vs. Religion Debate  The Scopes Trial was nicknamed the “monkey trial”  Dayton, TN high school science teacher John Scopes continued to teach evolution  Primary witness for the prosecution was fundamentalist, former Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan

11. Scopes Trial (cont)  Equally famous lawyer, Clarence Darrow, took up the defense  Immediately became a media frenzy; court proceedings were broadcast over the radio  On the stand, Darrow caught Bryan contradicting himself about biblical truths and scientific facts  The court decided Scopes was guilty for breaking the law (only legal to teach creationism, not evolution)  Caused a national debate between people who believed the Bible was the literal word of God and people who supported new scientific ideas (traditional vs. modern)