1. Taxonomy

2. Taxonomy Classification of organisms
Organisms are classified according to common characteristics

3. Taxonomic Categories Categories/divisions of life are called “Taxa”
Taxa go from broad to specific
There used to be seven taxa used to classify organisms

4. The Old Taxa System
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

5. How we used to remember this:
King
Phillip
Came
Over
For
Great
Spaghetti

6. Another mnemonic:
Kids
Prefer
Cheese
Over
Fried
Green
Spinach

7. New System of Classification
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

8. Classification of Humans
Domain – Eukaryota
Kingdom – Animalia
Phylum – Chordata
Class – Mammalia
Order – Primata
Family – Hominidae
Genus – Homo
Species – Homo sapiens

9. Create a mnemonic
Work with a partner and come up with a brand new mnemonic that includes all 8 of the current taxa

10. Modern Classification
Structural similarities suggest common evolutionary origins
Classification helps to find evolutionary relationships
The more taxa that two organisms share, the more closely they are related

11. Comparing Species How closely related are these?
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primata
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapien
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Xenarthra
Family: Dasypodidae
Genus: Dasypus
Species: Dasypus novemcinctus

12. Comparing Species How closely related are these?
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Xenarthra
Family: Dasypodidae
Genus: Dasypus
Species: Dasypus novemcinctus
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Xenarthra
Family: Bradypodidae
Genus: Bradypus
Species: Bradypus tridactylus

13. Binomial Nomenclature: a two name system
Organisms have a scientific name, and most have a common name.
Scientific names include genus and species
Genus name is capitalized
Species name is lower case
Both are in italics when typed
Both are underlined when handwritten
Genus can be written as first letter and period.
Homo sapiens, or H. sapiens

14. Which of the following are incorrect? Correct them.
Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake: Crotalus adamanteus
American Alligator: alligator mississippiensis
Thistle Sage: Salvia Carduacea
Bullfrog: rana Catesbeiana
Great Horned Owl: Bubo virginianus
Georgia Oak Tree: quercus georgiana

15. Using binomial nomenclature to identify relatedness
Eurasian Common Toad: Bufo bufo
Great Plains Toad: Bufo cognatus
Spring Peeper: Hyla crucifer
How many different genus do you see?
How many different species do you see?
Which are most related?

16. Using binomial nomenclature to identify relatedness
Black Spruce: Picea mariana
Red Maple: Acer rubrum
Norway Spruce: Picea abies
What is the common name of the 2nd example?
Which two are most related?
Are they related at the genus or the species level?

17. Using binomial nomenclature to identify relatedness
Asp Viper: Vipera aspis
Adder: Vipera berus
Saw-scaled Viper: Echis carinatus
What is the genus of the adder?
What is the species name of the asp viper?
Which two are most related?

18. Which two species are most related?
Which is least related to the others?

19. Which species are most closely related?
Which is the least related to the others?

20. Dichotomous system
To identify organisms, scientists divide group into subsets based on characteristics
The divisions continue until only one organism remains in each grouping

22. Dichotomous System for animals

23. Dichotomous People “A Pairs”
Divide wacky people into categories until all the people are in a pile by themselves. Draw the lines that show the divisions of categories.
Name your people.
Glue to paper background.

24. Dichotomous Key A series of paired statements about subsets.
Each pair of statements is numbered, and each object fits into one category.
Each statement will identify the object OR send the reader to another numbered pair of statements for further defining.

25. Dichotomous Key
1a. Body speckled (go to 2) 1b. Body not speckled (go to 4) 2a. Body round: Rotunda 2b. Body not round (go to 3) 3a. Body with scalloped margin: Floribunda 3b. Body without scalloped margin: Digitorum 4a. Body striped Alternata 4b. Body not striped (go to 5) 5a. Rounded patterns on body: Ovalis 5b. Body without circles: Amorpha

26. Binomial Nomenclature: a two name system
Species have a scientific name, and most have a common name.
Scientific names include genus and species
Genus name is capitalized
Species name is lower case
Both are in italics when typed
Both are underlined when handwritten
Genus can be written as first letter and period.
Homo sapiens, or H. sapiens

27. Which of the following are incorrect? Correct them.
Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake: Crotalus adamanteus
American Alligator: alligator mississippiensis
Thistle Sage: Salvia Carduacea
Bullfrog: rana Catesbeiana
Great Horned Owl: Bubo virginianus
Georgia Oak Tree: quercus georgiana