1. http://cds.ismrm.org/protected/13MP resentations/E225/ Go to 51:47-1:06 mark listen for 9 minutes

2. = γ 2π2π 2π2π

4. Diffusion of water used in Diffusion MRI Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) MRI More Signal Loss when encoding for diffusion Spin echo signal strength

5. RF Gx Gy Gz - Time Don’t let protons move -NO DIFFUISION with DIFFUISION y x protons (Hydrogen) signal loss The rest of the sequence Area under the gradients is b

6. RF Gx Gy Gz - Time D xx D xy D xz D yx D yy D yz D zx D zy D zz 1 0 0 100100 = Dxx Z Y X Every voxel has a diffusion tensor to describe diffusion D = D xx

7. D xx D xy D xz D yx D yy D yz D zx D zy D zz 110110 = ½(Dxx + Dyx + Dxy + Dyy) Z Y X RF Gx Gy Gz - Time = ½(Dxx + 2Dyx + Dyy) (½) 1 1 0

8. another stroke example another stroke example Look for mismatch and find healthy tissue Dead Will Die Why diffusion

9. 2) Fiber tracking Tract Information available through DTI

10. fMRI Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

11. Frequency spread causes signal loss over time BOLD contrast: Amount of signal loss reflects [dHb] Deoxygenated hemoglobin – unpaired iron electrons Contrast increases with delay (T E = echo time) The BOLD Effect Karen Miller

12. HbO 2 Vascular Response to Activation dHb O 2 metabolism dHb HbO 2 dHb HbO 2 dHb HbO 2 blood flow HbO 2 [dHb] dHb = deoxyhemoglobin HbO 2 = oxyhemoglobin capillary blood volume HbO 2 neuron Decreased deoxygenated larger signal in metabolically active regions Karen Miller

13. Language fMRI task Science Direct