1. Tomi Lazarov, Junior, Biology Honors Mentor: Donald L. Williams, Ed. D.

2.  The Effects of Industrial Wind Turbines on Wisconsin Fast Plants®  The Effects of Fossil Fuel Combustion Exhaust Gas on Wisconsin Fast Plants®

3.  Extensive review of the literature correlated to the effects of wind turbines on living. organisms. ◦ Humans ◦ Animals ◦ Plants  Do industrial wind turbines have any effects on the growth, development, or life of plants?

4.  Recreate the industrial wind turbine effects in a laboratory environment ◦ Is it possible to replicate low frequency sound and vibration? ◦ Pros and cons  Exposing plants in the vicinity of industrial wind turbines ◦ Bluegrass Ridge wind farm ◦ Experimental methods ◦ Pros and cons

5.  The Effects of Industrial Wind Turbines on Wisconsin Fast Plants® ◦ Study and experiment requirements  Continuous observation of both controls and experimental plants for minimum of two weeks  Relatively high amount of funds  Extensive time commitment  Multiple person research team ◦ How many of the requirements can we meet?

6.  The Effects of Fossil Fuel Combustion Exhaust Gas on Wisconsin Fast Plants® ◦ Why did we choose this study?  Similar to the previous study  Convenient experimentation  Significant research topic

7.  Ongoing progress ◦ Thorough literature review for previous findings and studies in correlation to ours ◦ Developing a manuscript ◦ Designing the experiment

8. Anonymous, 2010. World wind energy report 2009: proceedings of the 9th world wind energy conference and exhibition large-scale integration of wind power. [Online]. Available: http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/worldwindenergyrepor t 2009_s.pdf Anonymous. 2007. Environmental impacts of wind-energy projects [Online]. Available: http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11935&page=1 Berglund B., P. Hassmen, & R.F.S. Job. 1996. Sources and effects of low frequency noise. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99(5):2985–3002 French National Academy of Medicine, 2006. Le retentissement du fonctionnement des éoliennes sur la santé de l’homme, le Rapport, ses Annexes et les Recommandations de l’Académie nationale de medicine. [Online]. Available: www.academiemedecine. fr/sites_thematiques/EOLIENNES/chouard_rapp_14mars_2006.htm. Frey, B. J., & P. J. Hadden. 2007. Noise radiation from wind turbines installed near homes: effects on health. [Online]. Available: www.windturbinenoisehealthhumanrights. com /wtnhhr_june2007.pdf Gipe, P. 2009. Wind energy basics: a guide to home-and community-scale wind energy systems. Chelsea Green Publishing Company, Pubs. White River Junction. Harry, A. 2007. Wind turbines, noise, and health. [Online]. Available: www.windturbine noisehealthhumanrights.com/wtnoise_health_2007_a_barry.pdf Kaygusuz, K. K. 2009. Wind Power for a Clean and Sustainable Energy Future. Energy Sources Part B: Economics, Planning & Policy. 4(1):122-133. Pierpont, N. 2009. Wind turbine syndrome: a report on a natural experiment. K-Selected Books, Pubs. Santa Fe. Styles P., I. Stimpson, S. Toon, R. England, and M. Wright. 2005. Microseismic and infrasound monitoring of low frequency noise and vibrations from wind farms: recommendations on the sitting of wind farms in the vicinity of Eskdalemuir, Scotland. [Online]. Available: www.esci.keele.ac.uk/geophysics/News/windfarm _monitoring.html van den Berg, GP. 2004. Effects of the wind profile at night on wind turbine sound. J Sound Vib. 277:955–970

9. Contact Information: tomi.lazarov@park.edu tlazarov@kumc.edu don.williams@park.edu