4. Planar surface Earth intersects the plane on a small circle. All points on circle have no scale distortion.

5. Cylindrical surface Earth intersects the cylinder on two small circles. All points along both circles have no scale distortion.

6. Conic surface Earth intersects the cone at two circles. all points along both circles have no scale distortion.

12. Winkel Tripel Projection Presented by Oswald Winkel in 1921 Most general reference maps are the Winkel Tripel Projection. The map provides goood balance between the size and shape of land areas. Even the polar areas are depicted with little distortion of size and shape.