1. Chapter 20: The 1920s Section 5: The Harlem Renaissance

2. Marcus Garvey Back to Africa movement. Back to Africa movement. Founder of Universal Negro Improvement Association. Founder of Universal Negro Improvement Association. Jailed for mail fraud and deported. Jailed for mail fraud and deported.

3. Jazz Music Upbeat music started in the South and Midwest by blacks. Upbeat music started in the South and Midwest by blacks.

4. Louis Armstrong (1901-1971) Born in New Orleans. Born in New Orleans. Played the trumpet. Played the trumpet. Famous songs: Heebie Jeebies (1926), St. Louis Blues (1929), What a Wonderful World (1968). Famous songs: Heebie Jeebies (1926), St. Louis Blues (1929), What a Wonderful World (1968).

5. Bessie Smith (1894-1937) Born in Chattanooga. Born in Chattanooga. Died in car accident. Died in car accident. “Empress of the Blues” “Empress of the Blues” Famous songs: Downhearted Blues (1923) and Empty Bed Blues (1928). Famous songs: Downhearted Blues (1923) and Empty Bed Blues (1928).

6. Harlem Renaissance Cultural movement during which black art, music, and literature experience growth. Cultural movement during which black art, music, and literature experience growth. Originated in Harlem, NY. Originated in Harlem, NY. “New Negro:” Breaking away from the past. “New Negro:” Breaking away from the past.

7. Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Author of Cane a collection of poems and short stories about the black experience in America. Author of Cane a collection of poems and short stories about the black experience in America. Don’t forget where you came from. Don’t forget where you came from. Became a Quaker. Became a Quaker.

8. Langston Hughes (1902-1967) Poems celebrated black life and culture. Poems celebrated black life and culture. The Negro Speaks of Rivers, The Negro Artist and the Radical Mountain. The Negro Speaks of Rivers, The Negro Artist and the Radical Mountain. Accused of being a communist because of views on race. Accused of being a communist because of views on race.

9. Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937): Expressed the longing for independence felt by women. Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937): Expressed the longing for independence felt by women. Criticized for inputting black dialect into her works. Criticized for inputting black dialect into her works.