1. CHINA AND YOLANDA

2. The "Goths" were a northern Germanic tribe, one of many so-called "barbarian" pagan tribes which invaded former territories of the Christian Roman Empire following the fall of Rome in the 4th century A.D. These waves of invaders, who were absorbed by Christianity, brought an architectural and artistic sensibility which was very distinctive from the Classical or Greco-Roman style. Whereas the Greco-Roman style was subtle and controlled, the Gothic style was extreme, seemingly uncontrolled, larger than life, intended to invoke a strong emotional response, whether awe, pity, compassion, horror or fear. In human representation, where the Classical style was both naturalistic and idealistic, the Gothic style was crude, caricature-like, grotesque and exaggerated. The term “Goth” was used pejoratively(disapproving), intended to demean the architecture as crude and barbaric, like the Goths (a Germanic tribe known for attacking Rome). GOTHIC BACKGROUND

3. TIMELINE

4. In Western Europe in the Middle Ages almost everyone belonged to the Church(Roman Catholic)… ABBOT SUGER was the head of a large monastery in North Paris. He was close friends with 2 kings, Louis VI and Louis VII. In 1127, SUGER had the idea to rebuild the great abbey, Church of Saint-Denis. When rebuilding the Church, he added big doors, arches and a rose window (big round window in the centre), this was the first one in France. On the other hand, he did not rebuild the “Nave”. This is the part of the Church where most guests (ordinary people) stood. Suger wanted to make the Eastern End of the Church ‘feel like Heaven’ (light, bright with big windows and beautifully coloured glass). This was the first building in the Gothic style, but it was not called Gothic at this time, instead it was name “The French Style” until the 16 th century. When Suger died, the rest of the Church of Saint-Denis was rebuilt in this style and many other Churches and Cathedrals copied and followed on the Gothic style. ABBOT SUGER THE 1 ST GOTHIC STYLE BUILDING

5. The Houses of Parliament was built of Gothic structure until 1834 where it was demolished by a great fire. In 1836, the commissioners organised a public competition to design a new Palace in either of Gothic or Elizabethan style. They received 97 entries, each identifiable only by a symbol. From these, the commissioners chose four, of which they were definite in preferring entry number 64 which bore the emblem of the Portcullis. This was the entry submitted by Charles Barry, who had proposed a Gothic-styled palace in harmony with the surviving buildings. Therefore the rebuild was of the Gothic style. Charles Barry collaborated with Augustus Charles Pugin who designed mainly the inside of the rebuild such as furniture, stained glass, sculpture, wallpaper, decorative floor tiles and mosaic work. HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT CHARLES BARRY

6. The construction of the new Palace began in 1840. While Barry estimated a construction time of six years, at an estimated cost of £724,986, the project in fact took more than 30 years, at a cost of over £2 million. Barry was also careful to weld the old to the new, so that the surviving medieval buildings - Westminster Hall, the Cloisters and Chapter House of St Stephen's, and the Undercroft Chapel - formed an integral part of the whole. The plan of the finished building is built around two major axes, at the southern end of Westminster Hall, St. Stephen's porch was created, as a major entrance to the building, this involved inserting a great arch with a grand staircase at the southern end of Westminster hall, this leads to the first floor where the major rooms are located. To the east of St. Stephens porch is St. Stephen's Hall, this is built on the surviving under-croft of St. Stephen's Chapel, to the east of this the octagonal Central Lobby (above which is the central tower) this is the centre of the building. North of the Central Lobby is the Commons' Corridor, this leads into the square Commons' Lobby, north of which is the House of Commons, there are various offices and corridors to the north of the House of Commons with the clock tower terminating the northern axis of the building. Although the design included most of the elements of the finished building, including the two towers at either end of the building, it would undergo significant redesign, the winning design was only about 650 feet in length about two-thirds the size of the finished building. HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT THE GOTHIC STRUCTURE