1. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru The Why and How of a Critical Review of the Literature Haydn Blackey

2. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru What is a critical review for? ”Knowledge doesn't exist in a vacuum, and your work only has value in relation to other people's. Your work and your findings will be significant only to the extent that they're the same as, or different from, other people's work and findings". Jankowicz (2000: 159)

3. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Why use literature?  To provide justification for a statement  To tell your reader where an idea comes from  To help you build an argument, especially between authors who take different perspectives or express their views distinctively.

4. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru What is it for? Why bother? “A critical review which demonstrates some awareness of the current state of knowledge on the subject, its limitations" (Gill and Johnson, 1997, p. 20).

5. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru What can we do to make it easier Read widely Read with open minds Spend time thinking Share ideas with your tutor Share ideas with other students doing the same topic (discussion board on Blackboard?)

6. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Starting the search Start with key texts Follow the leads which emerge from them Explore academic journals Abstracts Reviews On-line databases

7. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Resources Topic Indices Citation Indices Bibliographies Abstracting Services Contents Pages Keyword Search

8. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru You are not the first Other people have studied this before Our reflection needs to be in this context It can point to the key issues for us It can set the context It can open up the debate

9. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Engaging the debate Where are the shared ideas Where are the disagreements Where are the stand-alone ideas What are the challenges

10. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Where are the shared ideas What are the things that appear to be consistent Is their anything that we know or have discovered that contradicts these shared ideas Can we discover why these ideas have become the ‘norm’

11. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Where are the disagreements? Avoiding trying to synthesise the opposed positions Why are there disagreements What are their source Do they matter Where are we: - on one side - open to either

12. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru There is a lot out there Start wide but quickly become focussed Constantly refine your search If you have to much leave out the general background - keep to what adds to the arguments and issues in your topic Remember to keep good records

13. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Where are the stand alone ideas? Is there something new or creative in the topic? Does one idea stand out Is the old debate fusty and needing challenge?

14. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru What are the challenges Are we able to make a challenge Has someone already begun a challenge - does it make sense to us and can we build on it What is old can be revered, but what is new can change the world “It is not wise to put new wine into old wineskins” Matthew 9:17

15. Piloting of a Chartered Teacher Programme in Wales Peilota Rhaglen Athro Siartredig yng Nghymru Remember the three C’s Compare Contrast Critique