1. Statistical Consultation

2. Conceptualization  Consultation is Collaboration  Content Expertise and Methodological Expertise not held by the same person  Neither content experts nor methodological experts could complete research (or complete it as successfully)  Successful collaboration creates a synergy  Consultation is Collaboration  Content Expertise and Methodological Expertise not held by the same person  Neither content experts nor methodological experts could complete research (or complete it as successfully)  Successful collaboration creates a synergy

3. Conceptualization  Consultation is Communication  Communication skills are essential to an effective collaboration and will establish  rapport,  expertise,  receptiveness to input  Global and specific objectives  Effective communication requires questions and questioning assumptions  Effective writing is sensitive to the audience  Consultation is Communication  Communication skills are essential to an effective collaboration and will establish  rapport,  expertise,  receptiveness to input  Global and specific objectives  Effective communication requires questions and questioning assumptions  Effective writing is sensitive to the audience

4. Derr’s (2000) Process Model Statistical Model Client’s Problem Client’s Problem Statistical Solution Client’s Solution

5. Conceptualization  Consultation is Negotiation  Successful negotiation results in “win-win” outcomes for both parties  “Everything is negotiable”  Fees  Deadlines  Co-Authorship  Institutional Support  Additional use of data  Beware the imposter syndrome -- the uniqueness of your training & expertise really are that valuable  Consultation is Negotiation  Successful negotiation results in “win-win” outcomes for both parties  “Everything is negotiable”  Fees  Deadlines  Co-Authorship  Institutional Support  Additional use of data  Beware the imposter syndrome -- the uniqueness of your training & expertise really are that valuable

6. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  What is your role as consultant?  What are the roles of others involved in the project and how  Are the roles flexible?  Are the roles clear to everyone in the organization  What is your role as consultant?  What are the roles of others involved in the project and how  Are the roles flexible?  Are the roles clear to everyone in the organization

7. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  What are the “deliverables”?  Analysis selection  Data preparation  Analysis output  Evaluation of output  Written Report for internal consumption  Publication or Presentation for external consumption  What are the “deliverables”?  Analysis selection  Data preparation  Analysis output  Evaluation of output  Written Report for internal consumption  Publication or Presentation for external consumption

8. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  What are the deadlines?  Are the deadlines flexible?  Are the deadlines reasonable?  What are the consequences for a missed deadline?  What are the deadlines?  Are the deadlines flexible?  Are the deadlines reasonable?  What are the consequences for a missed deadline?

9. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  How will you be compensated?  Hourly rate?  Set fee for the project as a whole?  Intangible Compensation  Co-authorship on presentations & publications  Potential future collaborations (e.g., grant submissions)  Referral for additional work  Experience  How will you be compensated?  Hourly rate?  Set fee for the project as a whole?  Intangible Compensation  Co-authorship on presentations & publications  Potential future collaborations (e.g., grant submissions)  Referral for additional work  Experience

10. The Reality Triangle Quality Speed Price

11. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  What are the accepted (or acceptable) statistical practices within the client’s organization or scientific discipline?  Different organizations and disciplines have different accepted practices  Can you (and will you) work within these accepted practices?  What are the accepted (or acceptable) statistical practices within the client’s organization or scientific discipline?  Different organizations and disciplines have different accepted practices  Can you (and will you) work within these accepted practices?

12. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  What are the ownership rights of your work?  What control do you retain of your work?  Can you publish your work?  Can you use the same data you for additional analyses for publication?  Will your contributions be publicly acknowledged?  What are the ownership rights of your work?  What control do you retain of your work?  Can you publish your work?  Can you use the same data you for additional analyses for publication?  Will your contributions be publicly acknowledged?

13. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  What stipulations are there for security and confidentiality?  Non-disclosure statements may restrict comments on  Research questions & hypotheses  Data  Methods  Findings & Conclusions  Or any and all other details, even your employment as a consultant by the organization  What stipulations are there for security and confidentiality?  Non-disclosure statements may restrict comments on  Research questions & hypotheses  Data  Methods  Findings & Conclusions  Or any and all other details, even your employment as a consultant by the organization

14. Key Questions For Consulting Derr (2000)  When is your participation finished?  Is there a clear end-point for your involvement or a fuzzy boundary?  Will you be available for further clarification in the future?  If so, will this be considered a “new” (and thus more negotiable) project or the continuation of the previous project  When is your participation finished?  Is there a clear end-point for your involvement or a fuzzy boundary?  Will you be available for further clarification in the future?  If so, will this be considered a “new” (and thus more negotiable) project or the continuation of the previous project

15. Some Practical Considerations

16. Work Contexts  Consulting Firms  Additional resources  Support staff (e.g., data entry, IT)  Software  Facilities & Equipment  Consistent benefits  Steady income stream  Non-competition clauses  Consulting Firms  Additional resources  Support staff (e.g., data entry, IT)  Software  Facilities & Equipment  Consistent benefits  Steady income stream  Non-competition clauses

17. Work Contexts  Independent Contractor  http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/index. html http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/index. html  Self Employment Tax  Exceptional Autonomy  Potentially Unsteady Cash Flow  To Incorporate or not to incorporate?  Independent Contractor  http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/index. html http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/index. html  Self Employment Tax  Exceptional Autonomy  Potentially Unsteady Cash Flow  To Incorporate or not to incorporate?

18. Work Contexts  “Moonlighting”  Conflict of Interest with your “day job”  Misuse of resources from your day job  Your time  Software  Equipment (e.g., computers, phones)  “Moonlighting”  Conflict of Interest with your “day job”  Misuse of resources from your day job  Your time  Software  Equipment (e.g., computers, phones)

19. Accountability  Good collaborative consultation is not adversarial, but problems may arise  Can you defend your decisions and recommendations? In a court of law?  Did you work outside your area of expertise? With or without disclosure?  Did you present information on a level the client(s) can understand? While retaining scientific and statistical fidelity?  Good collaborative consultation is not adversarial, but problems may arise  Can you defend your decisions and recommendations? In a court of law?  Did you work outside your area of expertise? With or without disclosure?  Did you present information on a level the client(s) can understand? While retaining scientific and statistical fidelity?

20. Discussion Questions  How formal or informal should your attire be?  How formal or informal should your verbal and non-verbal interactions be?  How formal or informal should your attire be?  How formal or informal should your verbal and non-verbal interactions be?

21. Discussion Questions  Do you answer clients’ questions about your work over the phone?  If so, do you charge for your time on the phone?  If not, what do you say?  How about via email?  Do you answer clients’ questions about your work over the phone?  If so, do you charge for your time on the phone?  If not, what do you say?  How about via email?

22. Discussion Questions  Are you responsible for clients misrepresenting or misusing your findings?  What would you do if you became aware that you were seriously misquoted?  Are you responsible for clients misrepresenting or misusing your findings?  What would you do if you became aware that you were seriously misquoted?

23. Discussion Questions  How do you handle client dissatisfaction with your work?  What if the only problem is that statistical findings do not support the desired outcome?  What do you say when they ask you to propose and run alternatives until the desired outcome is obtained?  How do you handle client dissatisfaction with your work?  What if the only problem is that statistical findings do not support the desired outcome?  What do you say when they ask you to propose and run alternatives until the desired outcome is obtained?