1. Egyptians-Nile-3100 BC Longest empire ever 3000 years -King Menes- 1 st pharoah Gods:Osiris, Isis, Amon, Anubis Cats-sphinx -papyrus for writing

2. King Cheops-pyramids pronounced Keops Egyptian Empire lasted longest in world-3000 years -Mummies -Hieroglyphs- using symbols to communicate Rosetta Stone-stone found to decipher hieroglyphs Papyrus

3. Mesopotamia-Middle East Between Tigris and Euphrates Babylonians, Sumerians, Assyrians Ninevah# 2 city Babylon- capitol Sumerian s, Assyrian s Used clay to commu nicate

4. Mesopotamia continued Ziggurats -7 days and names based on planets- Worshipped sun/moon -Tower of Babel King Nebuchadnezzar- water and cisterns

5. Jews Between Egypt and Mesopotamia Only 1 God Old Testament Moses leads out of bondage and to promised land Kept apart the were different Capital-Jerusalem Hammurabi=lawyer/strict laws- some in Bible

6. Pheonicians Lived near the Jews but were traders not warriors and liked to write letters to others and to home Invented the alphabet that we use today

7. Greeks- Trojan War- stories Ajax, Hector, Odysseus, Paris Homer wrote the tales down & called Iliad

8. Greek-cont.-Island of Crete Individual provinces- Ionian, Dorian tribes, warlike-like American Indians Ionian tribe moved north for room made city of Athens Crete most advanced and powerful

9. Persians(Iran)-Mountain People 500-550 BC -100s years dominated by Assyrians & Babylonians Cyrus-Persian/tired of being conquered Conquers Babylonia/frees all slaves-continues to Egypt Ends Egyptian rule

10. Persians cont-King Darius Darius vs Miltiades Persian v Greeks Fought at Marathon,Pers ians outnumbered Greeks 8-1 Marathon run- Athens is saved Persians-(king Xerxes) go after Spartans kill 300

11. Greeks again-Acropolis United by sports and religion Sporting games- every 4 years Beautiful architecture

12. India 2500BC Caste system Brahma Guatam Buddha-”The Enlightened One” Nirvana

13. China-2500BC Paper first invented here Confuscius: The right way of living together - courtesy/respect/obedie nce

14. Greeks again Athens vs Sparta=Peloponnesian War

15. Alexander the Great Tutor-Aristotle Macedonia Gordian Knot-master of world Conquers Greece, Persia, and part of India Makes Babylon capitol Dies when 32-Generals begin fight

16. Romans-Italy 2 consuls Patrician and Plebians

17. Carthaginian -Hannibal- elephants- Alps End of Carthage

18. Known for: aquaducts, Gladiators, Colosseum -Julius Ceasar-”I came, I saw, I conquered” takes over France (called Gaul then) -Ceasar, calendar, July, August- Jesus born at this time Assassinated by friends-Brutus -Romance languages French and Spanish -Adoptive son Augustus after-1 st title Roman Emperor-Laurel -Nero after that-Monster-kills all Christians

19. Romans cont. Emperor Constantine 313AD Ruled from Constantinople Istanbul, Turkey today Christianity becomes official religion of Rome -By 439 AD German tribes & conquer some Attila the Hun

20. Attila the Hun (from Asia) attacks Rome line Pope Leo persuades him to go Germanic tribes continue to attack & take over all of Rome This starts a new era called the “Middle Ages” 476 AD means antiquity and modern times