1. Urbanization and Child Welfare: Evidence from Uganda 1 st East and Central African Cities Development Forum 24 May 2016 Diego Angemi, PhD Chief, Social Policy and Advocacy UNICEF, Uganda

2. Unpacking urbanization… Low level of urbanization – approx. 16% of the population living in urban areas Rapid urban growth rate – 5.2% among the world’s highest Cities and urban centres as engines of economic growth and social development… but… …approx. 60% of residents in Kampala live in informal settlements, where housing, sanitation and access to basic services are lacking

3. Unpacking urbanization… Urbanization challenges – Uncoordinated planning and development leading to uncontrolled sprawling of major towns; – Youth bulge in urban areas; – Growth of slums and informal settlements, dilapidated housing, and poor sanitation; – Weak coverage of basic infrastructure services, notably water, energy, and sanitation… (Source: MoLHUD / UN-HABITAT UCP, 2016)

4. Some children are more vulnerable than others… Children living in Karamoja or West Nile Children living in female-headed households, orphaned or disabled Adolescent girls at high risk of early marriage and pregnancy, dropping out of school and contracting HIV Children living in urban areas…

5. URBAN CHILDREN 0-5 YEARS – HH WELFARE

7. Education attainment/aspirations

8. Skills training (15-24)

9. Skills training being utilized for income generation (15-24)

10. Biggest health risks (15-24) MenWomen

11. AGI: Percentage of girls (10-19) experiencing extreme vulnerability

12. A Framework for Action: Building Child Friendly Cities Aim… – Provide a framework for defining and developing a Child Friendly City; – Define the steps to build a local system of governance committed to fulfill children rights… …by translating the process needed to implement the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child by national governments into a local government process.

13. A Framework for Action: Building Child Friendly Cities Origin... – Rapid transformation and urbanization of global societies; – Growing responsibilities of municipal and community for their populations in the context of decentralization; – Increasing importance of cities and towns within national political and economic systems.

14. A Framework for Action: Building Child Friendly Cities 1. Children’s participation – Promoting children’s active involvement in issues that affect them; listening to their views and taking them into consideration in decision-making processes. 2. A child friendly legal framework – Ensuring legislation, regulatory frameworks and procedures which consistently promote and protect the rights of all children.

15. A Framework for Action: Building Child Friendly Cities 3. A city-wide Children’s Rights Strategy – Developing a detailed, comprehensive strategy or agenda for building a Child Friendly City, based on the UN-CRC. 4. A Children’s Rights Unit or coordinating mechanism – Developing permanent structures in local government to ensure priority consideration of children’s perspective.

16. A Framework for Action: Building Child Friendly Cities 5. Child impact assessment and evaluation – Ensuring that there is a systematic process to asses the impact of law, policy and practice on children – in advance, during and after implementation. 6. A children’s budget – Ensuring adequate resource commitment and budget analysis for children. 7. A regular state of the City’s Children Report – Ensuring sufficient monitoring and data collection on the state of the children and their rights.

17. A Framework for Action: Building Child Friendly Cities 8. Making children’s rights known – Ensuring awareness of children’s rights among adults and children. 9. Independent advocacy for children – Supporting non-governmental organizations and developing independent human rights institutions to promote children’s rights.

18. A Framework for Action: Building Child Friendly Cities Foundations... – Non-discrimination (Article 2) – Best interest (Article 3) – Every child’s right to life and maximum development (Article 6) – Listening to children and respecting their views (Article 12) Source: The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child