1. PALEOZOIC Ch 10 & 11

2. AGENDA Geologic Time (7 Periods) Plate Tectonics – “Driving Force”
Geography/Landforms
Mountains, Rock Formations
Appalachian Mountains
Climate Change
Sea Level Changes
Ice Ages
Animal/Plant Evolution
Animal/Plant Extinction

4. Geologic Time

6. Plate Tectonics

7. Geological Supercontinents
Vaalbara: Oldest, Formed 3.6 bya
Ur: Formed 3.0 bya
Nena: Formed 1.8 bya
Kenorland: Formed 2.7 bya
Columbia: Formed 2.1 bya
Rodinia: Formed 1.1 bya
Pannotia: Formed 0.6 bya, broke up 0.54 bya
Pangea: Formed bya

8. Rodinia Breakup
Rodinia Breakup (Neoproterozoic) producing 6 large continents:
Laurentia (N. America, Greenland, NW Ireland & Scotland)
Baltica (Russia & N. Europe)
Kazakhstania (Bet. Caspian Sea & China)
Siberia (Russia)
China (China, Indochina, & Malay)
Gondwana (S. America, Africa, India, Australia, & Antarctica)
Movements/interactions of these continents responsible for creation of landforms and evolution of lifeforms.

9. NEOPROTEROZOIC
Laurentia (N. America, Greenland, NW Ireland & Scotland)
Baltica (Russia & N. Europe)
Kazakhstania (Bet. Caspian Sea & China)
Siberia (Russia)
China (China, Indochina, & Malay)
Gondwana (S. America, Africa, India, Australia, & Antarctica)

10. CAMBRIAN
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11. ORDOVICIAN
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12. SILURIAN
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13. DEVONIAN
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14. MISSISSIPPIAN
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15. Mississippian/Pennsylvanian Periods
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16. PENNSYLVANIAN
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17. PERMIAN
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18. Consequence of Plate Tectonics

19. Mountain Building Episodes

20. f11_32_pg318
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21. Review Craton: The stable interior of a continent.
2 components of a Craton:
Shield: Large area of exposed crystalline rocks.
Platforms: Areas surrounding the shields containing flat-lying sedimentary layers.

22. Four Orogenic Belts West – Cordilleran North – Franklinian
Northeast – Caledonian/Acadian
East - Appalachian

23. f10_07_pg273
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24. Mountain Building (Orogenic) Episodes
Break-up of Rodinia (Proterozoic)
7 Continents
Iapetus Ocean Formation (Cambrian)
Taconic Orogeny (Ordovician)
Iapetus Ocean Narrowing, 1st Appalachian Episode
Cordilleran Orogeny (Ordovician – Silurian)
Rocky Mtns
Caledonian Orogeny (Mid Sil. Mid Dev.)
Laurasia Formed (N. America/Europe)
Acadian (Mid Sil. Mid Dev.)
Closing of Iapetus Ocean, 2nd Appalachian Episode
Alleghenian Orogeny (MS – Perm)
Final Appalachian Episode
Ouachita Orogeny (Early Dev – Late MS)

25. Appalachian Mountains

26. f11_19_pg310
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27. U.S. PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS

28. United States Physiographic Regions
Physiographic regions are based on landscape features, which are mostly controlled by the geology of the regions.

29. Alabama Physiographic Regions

30. Sea Level Changes Epicontinental Seas “Transgressive/Regressive Sequences”

31. f11_19_pg310
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32. Transgressive/Regressive Sequences
Sauk (Cambrian – Ordovician)
Tippecanoe (Ordovician – Silurian)
Kaskaskia (Silurian – Mississippian)
Absaroka (Pennsylvanian – Triassic)

33. Causes of Sea Level Changes

36. Evidence of Sea Level Changes

38. Paleozoic Summary

39. t10_01_pg274
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40. THE END