1. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

2. What is Photo- synthesis? The process of photosynthesis is a chemical reaction. Producers, or autotrophs, are organisms that make their own food. Producers use photosynthesis to make sugar. It is the most important chemical reaction on our planet!

3. What is the Equation for the Chemical Reaction of Photosynthesis?

4. What is the equation for the chemical reaction of photosynthesis? Reactants(Input) Products(Output)

5. 6 molecules of carbon dioxide react with 6 molecules of water to form 1 molecule of glucose and 6 molecules of oxygen.

6. Describe Photosynthesis

7. The process of changing light energy to chemical energy (sugar) Occurs in plants and some algae Plants need light energy, CO 2, and H 2 O Takes place in the chloroplasts, using chlorophyll, the green pigment in plantschloroplastschlorophyll 2 Step process: Light dependent and light independent

8. Describe Photosynthesis chloroplast stroma grana (thylakoids)

9. What happens during photosynthesis?

10. Step 1: Light Dependent Reaction –Plants capture light energy in the thylakoids –Sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll –Water is also broken down here Oxygen is also released as waste!

12. What happens during photosynthesis? Step 2: Light Independent Reaction – Takes place in the stroma –CO 2 is absorbed from the atmosphere –Use the energy collected in Step 1 to make a sugar in a cycle of chemical reactions

14. What happens during photosynthesis? The sugar is moved through tubes in the leaf to the roots, stems and fruits of the plants Some of the sugar is used right away by the plant for energy; some is stored as starch; and some is built into plant tissue

15. Why is this important to us?

16. We cannot make our own food (glucose, energy), we must get our food from plants. Plants (producers) are the first step in the food chain. Animals need the oxygen released by photosynthesis.

17. What is Cellular Respiration?

18. The conversion of sugar into ATP (energy). All consumers, or heterotrophs, must get their energy from other sources. adenine ribose PPP phosphate group

19. What is Cellular Respiration? Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy (sugar) by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a form that can be used by the organism (ATP). photosynthesis This process is cellular respiration!

20. Describe Cellular Respiration

21. Animals take in glucose when they eat food and oxygen when they inhale A chemical reaction takes place inside the mitochondrion matrix converting the energy in the glucose bonds into ATP Carbon dioxide and water are released as waste.

22. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?

24. What happens during cellular respiration?

25. The breakdown of glucose molecules into ATP. An aerobic process – oxygen is required. Is a step by step process occuring first in the cytoplasm, then in the inner folds of the mitochondria. mitochondrion animal cell

26. What happens during cellular respiration? Step 1: Glycolysis –Takes place in the cytoplasm –Splits a glucose molecule in half –Some energy is released (2 ATP)

27. What happens during cellular respiration? Step 2: Krebs cycle –Takes place in the mitochondria matrix –Takes more energy (ATP) from the glucose pieces –Releases carbon dioxide as waste

28. 6H O 2 6CO 2 6O 2 mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis 1 2 4 3 and Stage 1: Krebs Cycle

29. What happens during cellular respiration? Step 3: Electron Transport Chain –Takes place in the inner membrane –Oxygen is used here –Lots of ATP is made! –Water released as a waste.

30. 6H O 2 6CO 2 6O 2 mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis 1 2 4 3 and Stage 2:Electron Transport

31. Fermentation Anaerobic Process Makes some ATP even without oxygen! –Many organisms use this, even human muscle cells Lactic Acid is also produced –This is what makes muscles burn! Examples: Beer Cheese Bread

32. Photosynthesis & respiration are related! The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.