1. First Aid Introduction – Before Giving Care If not you, then who?

2. Key Points The purpose of this course is to help participants: The purpose of this course is to help participants: Identify and eliminate potentially hazardous conditions in their environment Identify and eliminate potentially hazardous conditions in their environment Recognize emergencies Recognize emergencies Make appropriate decisions for first aid care Make appropriate decisions for first aid care Teaches skills that participants need to know to give immediate care to a sudden ill or injured person until more advanced medical care arrives Teaches skills that participants need to know to give immediate care to a sudden ill or injured person until more advanced medical care arrives

3. Key Points The requirements for successful course completion and certification are: The requirements for successful course completion and certification are: Attending and participating in all activities, skill sessions and skill scenarios Attending and participating in all activities, skill sessions and skill scenarios Correctly demonstrating all required skills Correctly demonstrating all required skills Correctly answering at least 80 percent of the questions in each session of the written exam Correctly answering at least 80 percent of the questions in each session of the written exam

4. Key Points All American Red Cross CPR course completion certificates are valid for 2 years All American Red Cross CPR course completion certificates are valid for 2 years First Aid completion certificates are valid for 3 years. First Aid completion certificates are valid for 3 years.

5. Key Points Participant products for this course are: Participant products for this course are: Student Training Kits Student Training Kits Disposable gloves Disposable gloves Bandages Bandages Gauze Gauze Breathing barriers Breathing barriers Triangular bandages Triangular bandages Etc. Etc.

6. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency By recognizing an emergency and taking immediate action to help, you give a suddenly ill or injured person the best chance for survival. By recognizing an emergency and taking immediate action to help, you give a suddenly ill or injured person the best chance for survival. Emergencies can often be recognized because of unusual sights, appearances, behaviors, odors, or noises. Emergencies can often be recognized because of unusual sights, appearances, behaviors, odors, or noises.

7. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency What were some examples in the video of people using their senses to recognize the emergency situation? What were some examples in the video of people using their senses to recognize the emergency situation? Unusual sights Unusual sights Blood Blood Smoke or fire Smoke or fire Broken items Broken items People milling around People milling around

8. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency Unusual appearances or behaviors Unusual appearances or behaviors A person who is noticeably uncomfortable A person who is noticeably uncomfortable A person who is clutching his or her chest or throat A person who is clutching his or her chest or throat A person who is unconscious A person who is unconscious A person who appears to be confused or drowsy for unknown reasons A person who appears to be confused or drowsy for unknown reasons A person who has trouble breathing A person who has trouble breathing

9. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency Unusual odors Unusual odors The unusual odor of a person’s breath The unusual odor of a person’s breath Gasoline Gasoline Natural gas Natural gas Smoke Smoke An unrecognizable smell An unrecognizable smell

10. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency Unusual noises Unusual noises Screaming Screaming Sudden silence for infants and children Sudden silence for infants and children An explosion An explosion Items falling Items falling Glass breaking Glass breaking Tires screeching Tires screeching Metal crashing Metal crashing Changes in machinery sounds (pitch, tone) Changes in machinery sounds (pitch, tone)

11. Overcoming Barriers to Act There are many reasons why bystanders do not get involved in an emergency situation There are many reasons why bystanders do not get involved in an emergency situation It is normal to feel hesitant or unsure about what to do It is normal to feel hesitant or unsure about what to do What are some barriers to act and how can they be overcome? What are some barriers to act and how can they be overcome?

12. Overcoming Barriers to Act Reasons not to act – Reasons not to act – The presence of other people may lead to one to assume that someone else will get involved The presence of other people may lead to one to assume that someone else will get involved Uncertainty about the person’s condition Uncertainty about the person’s condition Type of injury or illness Type of injury or illness Fear of catching a disease Fear of catching a disease Fear of doing something wrong Fear of doing something wrong Fear of being sued Fear of being sued Being unsure of when to call 9-1-1 Being unsure of when to call 9-1-1

13. Overcoming Barriers to Act What are some ways to overcome barriers to act? What are some ways to overcome barriers to act? Get trained in first aid, CPR, or AED Get trained in first aid, CPR, or AED Training to develop the confidence to act, which enables you to take charge until more advanced help arrives Training to develop the confidence to act, which enables you to take charge until more advanced help arrives Avoiding contact with blood or body fluids by using protective barriers and following standard precautions Avoiding contact with blood or body fluids by using protective barriers and following standard precautions Be familiar with Good Samaritan laws and obtaining consent Be familiar with Good Samaritan laws and obtaining consent

14. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent All states have enacted Good Samaritan laws to protect people who voluntarily give emergency care, without accepting anything in return. All states have enacted Good Samaritan laws to protect people who voluntarily give emergency care, without accepting anything in return. These laws, which differ state to state, may protect you from legal liability as long as you: These laws, which differ state to state, may protect you from legal liability as long as you: Act in good faith Act in good faith Are not negligent Are not negligent Act within the scope of your training Act within the scope of your training

15. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent You should contact a legal professional or the local library to find out more about your state’s Good Samaritan laws. You should contact a legal professional or the local library to find out more about your state’s Good Samaritan laws. You must obtain permission (consent) to help an ill or injured person. You must obtain permission (consent) to help an ill or injured person. If a person refuses care, at least call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. If a person refuses care, at least call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number. A person who is unconscious, confused or seriously ill may not be able to grant consent. In such cases, consent is implied. Implied consent means that a person would agree to the care if he or she could. A person who is unconscious, confused or seriously ill may not be able to grant consent. In such cases, consent is implied. Implied consent means that a person would agree to the care if he or she could.

16. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent If the person is a minor, get consent from a parent or guardian, if present; otherwise, consent is implied. Be sure to notify a parent or guardian as soon as possible. If the person is a minor, get consent from a parent or guardian, if present; otherwise, consent is implied. Be sure to notify a parent or guardian as soon as possible. Implied consent for a child in a life- threatening situation means that the parent or guardian would agree for care to be given. Implied consent for a child in a life- threatening situation means that the parent or guardian would agree for care to be given.

17. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent To obtain consent: To obtain consent: State your name State your name Tell the person you are trained in first aid Tell the person you are trained in first aid Ask the person if you can help Ask the person if you can help Explain what you think may be wrong Explain what you think may be wrong Explain what you plan to do Explain what you plan to do

18. Preventing Disease Transmission What precautions could you take to protect yourself from disease transmission when giving care? What precautions could you take to protect yourself from disease transmission when giving care? Avoid contact with Avoid contact with Blood Blood Body fluids Body fluids - Use protective equipment, such as: *disposable gloves *disposable gloves *CPR breathing barriers *CPR breathing barriers -Wash your hands immediately after care

19. Preventing Disease Transmission Key Points Key Points The risk of getting a disease while giving first aid is extremely low. The risk of getting a disease while giving first aid is extremely low. Taking precautions can reduce this risk even further. Whenever possible, you should – Taking precautions can reduce this risk even further. Whenever possible, you should – Avoid contact with blood or body fluids Avoid contact with blood or body fluids Avoid touching objects that may be soiled with blood or other body fluids Avoid touching objects that may be soiled with blood or other body fluids Place barriers between you and a person’s blood or other body fluids, such as: Place barriers between you and a person’s blood or other body fluids, such as: