1. Dental Radiography
RVT: Chapter 24

2. Objectives: Dental Radiography
Review dental terminology & tooth surfaces
Review basic anatomy & formula for teeth, including number of roots
Understand normal views & positioning for dental radiography
Define parallel and bisecting angle techniques, and know when to use each
Understand the differences between intraoral and extraoral views

3. Anatomical Directions: Oral Cavity

4. Positional Terminology: Oral Cavity
Directional
Positional

5. Tooth Anatomy on Film
What are the four basic types of teeth?

6. Assessing Age

7. Dental Formulas Carnassial tooth:
Dogs: Upper 4th premolar & lower 1st molar
Cats: Upper 3rd premolar & lower 1st molar

8. Triadan Numbering System
Canine
Feline
1st number = quadrant
2nd 2 numbers = tooth position

9. Number of Roots: Canine

10. Number of Roots: Feline

11. Normal Adult Canine Maxillary Incisors
7 – Incisive canal 9 – ___________ fissures (oval dark spaces)

12. Normal Adult Canine Mandibular Incisors
7 – Mandibular _______________ (dark black line)

13. Viewing Dental Radiographs
Film is exposed with the convex dot at the _________ end of the mouth
Dot location will vary with right & left side radiographs
When viewing- hold with convex side towards you
Maxillary: point cusps toward the floor; apical portion of roots to ceiling
Mandibular: point apical portion of roots towards the floor; cusps to the ceiling

14. Viewing Dental Radiographs

15. Film Mount
Organize full mouth radiographs in a film mount: Hang as if looking at the animal, with animal’s right side on your left…

16. Dental Radiography Techniques
What makes dental rads tricky: getting the whole tooth!
Must include complete __________ to be diagnostic
Patient is always anesthetized
Positions will include lateral, dorsal, or sternal
Easier if skull is kept parallel to table top
Paper towels and syringes/cases are your best friends
Longer SID allows for wider primary beam
Using size 0-2?
Center the cone on the affected tooth
Position yourself opposite from the cone to find the angle

17. Proper Oral Film Placement

18. Dental Radiography Techniques
Parallel
Bisecting Angle

19. Parallel Technique Used for mandibular molars and pre-molars only
Film is placed inside of mouth & ____________ to the teeth
Primary beam is placed perpendicular to film
Only acceptable to use in one location!

20. Bisecting-angle Technique
Technique for ALL maxillary teeth & ______________ canines and incisors
Placing the beam perpendicular to tooth (or film) results in foreshortening or elongation
Find the bisecting-angle:
Place film parallel to tongue
Draw an imaginary line along the tooth’s axis (use root)
Draw another imaginary line along the axis of the film
Find the angle that is exactly in the middle of these two
Position the primary beam perpendicular to the “bisecting angle”

21. Bisecting Angle- Mandibular canine

22. Bisecting Angle- Mandibular incisors

23. Bisecting Angle- Maxillary incisors

24. Distortion: Foreshortening

25. Distortion: Elongation
FILM