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The Domain Name System (DNS) – The online directory DNS Simplified
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Large internet directory, connecting people to information. Information on the internet is located at different Internet Protocol(IP) addresses. Translates Domain Names into IP addresses. No need to remember long complex IP addresses. What is the Domain Name System?
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Example: Google IP addresses ( Mitchell,B ) 64.233.160.0 - 64.233.191.255 66.102.0.0 - 66.102.15.255 66.249.64.0 - 66.249.95.255 72.14.192.0 - 72.14.255.255 74.125.0.0 - 74.125.255.255 209.85.128.0 - 209.85.255.255 216.239.32.0 - 216.239.63.255 What is the DNS - Examples } All of these IP addresses are linked to the Domain Name GOOGLE.
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How the Domain Name System Works How the DNS works
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More than 215million Domain Names have been registered across the Top Level Domains (TLD) TLD Increase of 16.9 Million (8.2%) within one year. Size of the Domain Name System Verisign
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IPv4: IPv4 – First Internet Addressing System to connect user to services on the Internet. 32Bit Addressing System – Space Limited to 4,294,967,296 IP Addresses. Ran out on February 3 rd 2011 IPv6: New addressing system – IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) 128Bit Addressing System – Space limited to 340 undercillion (2^128) possible IP addresses Size of Domain Name System IPv4 and IPv6
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GOOGLE.CO.UK 255 Max number of characters Same name allowed, but root must be different. Important DNS Components Name Space Name space tree Top Level Domain 2 nd Level Domain 3 rd Level Domain
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Important DNS Components Name Server Translates Domain Names to IP Addresses Larger websites have multiple IP addresses Each domain has a minimum of 2 name servers cs-faculty.stanford
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Important DNS Components Resolver Queries Domain Name System for information. Checks information received for errors Prevents errors and ensures data can be read correctly. Resolver
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UK websites governed by Nominet Some Domain Limited to location or sector e.g.:.gov – government services.police – police services in UK.NHS.UK – National Heath Service in UK Trademarks Domain Name System UK Legislation
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Name System Name Space Limited to 255 characters IPv4 (4,294,967,296 IP Addresses) – February 3 rd 2011 Limitations To the DNS
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Thank You
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DNS Simplified. (n.d). Retrieved from: http://websiteincite.com/diagrams/sm_dns.jpghttp://websiteincite.com/diagrams/sm_dns.jpg Google IP - Mitchell, B. (n.d). What Is the IP Address of Google?. Retrieved from: http://compnetworking.about.com/od/traceipaddresses/f/google-ip-address.htm http://compnetworking.about.com/od/traceipaddresses/f/google-ip-address.htm Verisign. (2 nd February 2011). Retrieved from http://www.verisigninc.com/assets/domain-name-report-feb-2011.pdf http://www.verisigninc.com/assets/domain-name-report-feb-2011.pdf Name Space Tree. (n.d). Retrieved from: bio3d.colorado.edu via Google. cs-faculty.stanford. (30 th May 2011). Retrieved from: http://www-cs- faculty.stanford.edu/~eroberts/cs181/projects/2010- 11/FreedomOfInformationChina/author/martyhu/index.htmlhttp://www-cs- faculty.stanford.edu/~eroberts/cs181/projects/2010- 11/FreedomOfInformationChina/author/martyhu/index.html resolver. (5 th November 2011). Retrieved from: http://www.bladeblue.com/helpdesk/dns-propagation/ http://www.bladeblue.com/helpdesk/dns-propagation/ How the DNS works.(n.d).Retrieved from www.howstuffworks.com/dns.htm &(May 14 th, 2009). Retrieved from : najcolabs.com/?tag=dnswww.howstuffworks.com/dns.htm References
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