1. The Roman World One Thousands Years of Roman Civilization, 509 BCE – 568 CE

2. The Origins of “Rome”

3. Geography Po Valley Latins Etruscans Carthage Phoenicia

4. Myths Romulus and Remus Aeneas Battle down the proud Spread Roman culture Law Rape of Lucretia

5. The Monarchy Tyranny Imperium Fasces Senate Patricians Plebeians

6. The Roman Republic

7. Establishing the Republic Tarquin Liby Res publica Consuls Dictator

8. Struggle for Equal Rights Concilium Plebis Tribunes Plebiscites Veto Forum Twelve Tables Praetor Censor

9. Society & Religion Pater familias Numina Jupiter Janus Lares Penates

10. Conquest of Italy Etruscans – North Greeks – South

11. Expansion in Italy Capitoline Hill Maniples Latin League Pyrrhus

12. Conquered Peoples Romanitas Status Quo

13. The First Punic War Carthage 264 BCE

14. Hannibal 218 BCE 40,000 foot soldiers 9000 cavalry African elephants Skippy Africanus

15. Roman Intervention in the East Philip V Macedonia Seleucids Corinth, 146 BCE Carthage, 146 BCE

16. Conflict & Crisis in the Republic

17. Effects of Expansion Proletariat Proles Latifundia

18. Gracchi Reform Tiberius Tribal Assembly Land reform Assassinated (+300) Gaius Land reform Citizenship Suicide (+3000)

19. Civil War: Marius v. Sulla Anti-Roman sentiment Class war Assembly v. Senate

20. Civil War: Pompey v. J. Caesar Gaul (France) Rubicon “Veni, vidi, vici” Dictator Julian calendar 3/15/44 BCE “Etu, Brute”

21. Civil War: Antony v. Octavian Grandnephew and heir Marc Antony Cleopatra Battle of Actium

22. The Roman Empire

23. Augustus “The Revered” Imperator Princeps Princeps Paxis

24. Julio-Claudian and Favian Emperors Tiberius Claudius Caligula Nero Vespasian Titus Domitian

25. Five Good Emperors Hadrian Marcus Aurelius

26. Pax Romana Size of empire Secure borders Frontiers quiet Decentralization

27. Economic Prosperity Free trade No tariffs Latifundia Coloni

28. Economic Stagnation Overproduction Self-sufficient State subsidies Tax-farming

29. Social Life Vesuvius, 79 CE Augusta Agrippina Collegia Slaves Colosseum Circus Maximus

30. Judaism and Rome

31. Religious Life Sanhedrin Temple at Jerusalem Judas Maccabaeus Herod Pontius Pilate Messiahs

32. Religious Thought Sadducees Pharisees Essenes “Righteous Teacher” John the Baptist

33. Christianity and Rome

34. Jesus Bethlehem Herod’s reign (d. 4BCE) Preached Miracles New? Sanhedrin

35. Jerusalem, 70 CE Zealots Titus Temple Masada

36. Peter and Paul Spiritual successor Church in Rome Crucified 65 CE Saul Greco-Roman Pharisee Crucified 65 CE

37. Spread of Christianity Mystery cults Magna Mater Ahura-Mazda Mithras Virgin birth Sunday Dec. 25 Salvation Equality Everlasting life

38. Persecution Monotheistic No sacrifices No emperor worship Diocletian (303-311) Death penalty

39. Church Organization Priests Presbyters (bishops) Dioceses Archbishop Provinces Patriarchates HUGE cities (Rome) Papa – father – Pope

40. Early Church Leaders Leo I Wielded both swords Huns Petrine Doctrine St. Augustine The City of God Predestination

41. Doctrine Arius (Trinity) Donatism (Grace) Traditores Council of Nicaea Heresy Trinity Incarnation

42. Doctrinal Leaders Jerome St. Ambrose St. Augustine

43. Regular Clergy Two types Saeculim Regula St. Basil St. Benedict Women

44. The Fall of Rome? What do we mean by “Fall”? What do we mean by “Rome”?

45. Western Roman Empire 378-500 AD Visigoths 378 AD Vandals 406 AD Visigoths 410 AD Vandals 455 AD Romulus Augustustulus Odovacer (Hun) Zeno Theodoric (Goth) Justinian, 527-565

46. The Legacy of Rome

47. Law Twelve Tables Jus Civile Jurisprudence Jus Naturale

48. Engineering and Architecture Rei Publici Aquaducts Indoor plumbing Appian Way Hadrian’s Wall

49. History Livy Tacitus Germania Cassiodorus History of the Goths

50. Conclusion All things Greek Political theory Administration Jurisprudence Conformity Christianity

51. Any Questions?