1. The War of 1812 APUSH – Mr. Hesen

2. Madison Drifts Towards War Wins election of 1808 - Inaugurated in March 1809 “Virginia Dynasty” – Madison was 3 rd president from VA Strongly Jeffersonian in views

3. Macon Bill No. 2 (1810) – Replaced Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 – Attempted to entice GB and FR to repeal shipping restrictions – Embargo would still be enforced on nations that did not agree – FR agreed…GB did not…

4. War Hawks – Congress met in 1811 – Deeply divided over GB issue – Many newcomers from West and South Strongly nationalistic Wanted to prove themselves against GB

5. War Hawks – Henry Clay (West) Kentucky Elected Speaker of the House – John C. Calhoun (South) Elected as representative from South Carolina

6. Battle of Tippecanoe (1811) – Western war hawks wanted to wipe out western Amerindian tribes – Shawnee Confederation posed the biggest threat – Tecumseh and the Prophet (brothers) Staged raids against westerners Organized the Confederation Thought British were aiding them

7. Battle of Tippecanoe (1811) – General William H. Harrison – Repelled a huge Amerindian attack – Modern day Indiana – Ended the Amerindian threat in the Northwest – Spurred westward expansion – War Hawks wanted to extend war into Great Lakes region

8. Madison Drifts Towards War Daniel Webster (North) – Federalist from New Hampshire – Outspoken against an all out war with British – Watched out for New England shipping and industry – U.S. would suffer from a war with Britain

9. Madison Drifts Towards War U.S. declared war against GB in June 1812 – Representatives from N.E. opposed the war – Mid-Atlantic states opposed the war – South and West wanted full on war – War Hawks pushed Madison to war

10. Madison Drifts Towards War New Englanders hindered war effort – Believed that GB wasn’t the problem – Farmers sent aid to GB – Bankers gave loans to GB in return for trade – Exempted their militias from fighting

11. The War of 1812 Overview – Small war – only 6,000 American killed or wounded – Mostly Canadians fought Americans – Poorly-fought war Unprepared for war Attack on Canada complete failure Washington, DC, burned by British British almost won territories in NY and New England

12. War of 1812 National disunity! – Federalists undermined the war effort

13. War of 1812 American Victories – “Mosquito Fleet” outperformed British navy – Commodore Oliver Perry defeated British on the water – General Harrison defeated Brits on land

14. War of 1812 British failed to secure major ports – Baltimore – Ft. McHenry never fell – Francis Scott Key – “Star Spangled Banner”

15. War of 1812 General Andrew Jackson emerged as leader – Battle of Horseshoe Bend – defeated Creek Indians – Battle of New Orleans – Devastating defeat for British – U.S. gained Port of New Orleans Perfect for trade on Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico

16. War of 1812 Treaty of Ghent (1814) – War ended in a stalemate – Both countries agreed to stop fighting – America gained respect diplomatically and militarily – Later dubbed “Second War for Independence” – Fall of the Federalists – U.S. industrialization sparked by less British imports

17. War of 1812 Things to REMEMBER – U.S. and GB both unprepared for a major war – U.S. attack on Canada was a failure – U.S. burned by Brits – seen as a huge loss – Andrew Jackson emerges as a major leader – Federalists fall…

18. Hartford Convention New England Federalists (Dec. 1814-Jan. 1815) – Attended by MA, CT, RI, NH, and VT – Objective – discuss complaints and seek compensation for war losses – Secure financial assistance from National Bank – Radicals urged secession – break away from U.S. – Major wins at New Orleans and Treaty of Ghent made demands moot – Federalists looked like a bunch of defeatists

19. Harford Convention Impact: – Election of 1816 – James Monroe (R) CRUSHES Federalist candidate – Treasonous talk hurt Federalists – anti-war sentiments AND aiding Brits – The War of 1812 marked how divided the nation actually was