1. BONES

2. Function  Support  Hard, rigid frame that gives structure to the soft tissue.  Protection  Surrounds soft organs to prevent damage from trauma (brain, spinal cord, etc.). gloucestercitynews.net

3. Function  Movement  Site of skeletal muscle attachment  Storage  Lipids & Minerals  Cell Production  Bone marrow inside long bones produce blood cells storagesystems1.com psa-peugeot-citroen-press.co.uk

4. Types of Bone  Compact Bone  Dense with very little space between bone cells.  Spongy Bone  Sponge-like in appearance with cavernous spaces blog.hudsonhorizons.com

5. Types of Bone qwikstep.eu

6. Classifications of Bone  Long bone  Short bone  Flat bone  Irregular bodyactiveinc.com missionartcenter.com travelmuse.com

7. Long Bone boneclones.com

8. Parts of the Long Bone  Epiphysis  Diaphysis  Periosteum  Sharpey’s Fibers  Articular Cartilage  Medullary Cavity rpmgo.com  Epiphysis  Diaphysis  Periosteum  Sharpey’s Fibers  Articular Cartilage  Medullary Cavity

9. Parts of the Long Bone  Epiphysis  End of the long bone  Composed of mostly spongy bone  Diaphysis  Shaft of long bone  Composed of mostly compact bone  Articular Cartilage  External covering of the epiphysis  Composed of hyline cartilage  Decreases joint friction

10. Parts of the Long Bone  Periosteum  External covering of the diaphysis  Composed of fibrous connective tissue  Sharpey’s Fibers  Connects the periosteum to the underlying bone  Medullary Cavity  Hollow cavity of the diaphysis  Contains either yellow or red bone marrow

11. Histology of Bone Types

12. Histology of Spongy Bone  Lamellae (layers) of matrix laid down in trabeculae - branching network of bony tissue  Osteocytes located within lacunae  Canaliculi branch out from lacunae  Many marrow cavities which contain red marrow & small blood vessels

13. Histology of Compact Bone  Osteon/Haversian system - basic functional unit of compact bone  Concentric lamellae (layers) of matrix surrounding central (Haversian) canal  Osteocytes located within lacunae

14. Histology of Compact Bone  Canaliculi branch out radially from lacunae  Central canals (containing BVs) run vertically down the length of the bone  Perforating (Volkmann’s) canals (containing BVs) run horizontally across the width

15. Cytology of Bones

16. Cells  Osteocytes  Mature bone cells  Osteoblasts  Create new bone tissue (osteogenesis)  Mature into osteocytes  Osteoclasts  Responsible for bone decomposition (osteolysis)  Critical for calcium metabolism mercksource.com

17. Osteocytes msjensen.cehd.umn.edu

18. Osteoblasts mhhe.commillette.med.sc.edu

19. Osteoclasts orthobullets.comeducation.vetmed.vt.edu