1. Voltaic Cells Notes 21-1

2. A.) Spontaneous reaction 1.) In Voltaic Cells (Batteries), when the circuit is closed (turned on) electrons will move from anode (negative) to cathode (positive). 2.) Direction of electrons: see Table J –a.) the more active metals lose electrons to the less active metal ions

4. B.) Voltaic Cell Diagram

5. 21.1

10. C.) What students need to identify and explain about Voltaic Cells 1.) Anode –a.) half cell where ox. occurs (An Ox) –b.) higher on Table J 2.) Cathode –a.) half cell where red. occurs (Red Cat) –b.) Lower on Table J 3.) Salt Bridge –a.) Migration of ions to balance charges

11. 4.) Spontaneous change from Chemical Energy to Electrical Energy 5.) Oxidation and Reduction occur simultaneously