1. Nominal Clauses

2. Nominal Clauses with THAT I was surprised that he’s spent all his money. The problem is that he has no money. *Nominal clauses can start with THAT. They function as a noun in the sentence.

3. In formal, written English it is possible to start a sentence with a nominal clause beginning THAT. It worries me that people don’t look after the planet. That people don’t look after the planet worries me. Nominal Clauses - with THAT

4. It worries me that he spends the whole night on the net. The fact that he spends the whole night on the net worries me. *More frequently the clause is introduced with THE FACT THAT... Nominal Clauses - with THAT

5. A nominal clause can begin with WHAT, meaning ‘THE THING(S) WHICH’. He has forgotten what he had to do this morning. Nominal Clauses - with WHAT / ALL It can also begin with ALL, meaning ‘EVERYTHING WHICH’. I think he has forgotten all he has to do today.

6. WHAT clauses can be used at the beginning of sentences for emphasis. His laziness impresses me. What impresses me is his laziness. Nominal Clauses - with WHAT

7. ALL can also be used for emphasis. In this case, ALL means ‘THE ONLY THING’. Nominal Clauses - with ALL You only need love. All you need is love.

8. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first. 1.You are here. That’s what matters now. What ___________________ are here. matters now is that you 2. Mary didn’t study for the test. That was odd. It was ______________________. odd that Mary didn’t study for the test 3. The teacher let me leave early and that was cool. The fact _______________________. that the teacher let me leave early was cool 4. Harry is always tired. That’s the problem. The ___________________________. problem is that Harry is always tired

9. Create sentences with ALL or WHAT. 1.Everything that you said made me cry. All that you said made me cry. 2. I was irritated by the things that she did. I was irritated by what she did. 3. Tell me the things you saw on TV today. Tell me what you saw on TV today. 4. Mary has everything that she needs to do the job. Mary has all that she needs to do the job. 5. You shouldn’t believe everything you hear. You shouldn’t believe all you hear.

10. Bibliography FALLA, Tim. Solutions Upper-Intermediate, Oxford, 2009 FUCHS, Marjorie & BONNER, Margaret. Grammar Express, Longman, 2003 VINCE, Michael. Macmillan English Grammar in Context, Macmillan, 2008

11. Developed by Kátia Martins Pereira