1. VEHICLE ACCIDENT PREVENTATION USING EYE BLINK SENSOR
PRESENTED BY
AMY SUSAN
KASTURI RAMGOPAL
MIRIAM SYED ALI

2. contents INTRODUCTION BLOCK DIAGRAM WORKING FLOW CHART PROGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
COMPONENTS USED
POWER SUPPLY
PIC MICROCONTROLLER
EYE BLINK SENSOR
RELAY
DC MOTOR
BUZZER
LCD DISPLAY
PCB LAYOUT
SOFTWARE USED
ADVANTAGES
LIMITATIONS
RESULT
FUTURE SCOPE
CONCLUSION
REFRENCES

3. Vehicle accidents are most common if the driving is inadequate.
INTRODUCTION
Vehicle accidents are most common if the driving is inadequate.
Driver drowsiness is recognized as an important factor in the vehicle accidents.
This project involves measure and controls the eye blink using IR sensor. The IR transmitter is used to transmit the infrared rays in our eye.

4. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Microcontroller
PIC
DC Motor
Buzzer
Eye blink sensor
LCD

5. WORKING
The eye-blink sensor illuminates the eye with infrared light, monitoring the changes in the reflected light
The sensor output is active high for Eye close and can be given directly to microcontroller for interfacing applications.
When this output remains high for a specific time period say10 sec , the driver is taken to be asleep.
Consequently a buzzer is activated in order to wake the driver.
The motor of the vehicle is slowed down through a relay switch so as to prevent impending accident.

6. FLOW CHART

7. PROGRAM
#include <htc.h> #include <picc16.h> #define MOTOR RC2 #define BUZZER RC3 #define RS RB7 #define EN RB6 #define LCD_D0 RB5 // lcd's msb nibble 0 #define LCD_D1 RB4 // lcd's msb nibble 1 #define LCD_D2 RB3 // lcd's msb nibble 2 #define LCD_D3 RB2 // lcd's msb nibble 3

8. void init(void) {
INTCON= 0b ;
TRISD = 0b ;
TRISC = 0b ;
TRISA = 0b ;
TRISB = 0b ;
T2CON = 0b ; }
void interrupt my_isr(void)
if((INTE)&&(INTF))
Eyeblink++;
time=10;
INTF=0;

9. if((TMR2IE)&&(TMR2IF)){
Count++;
if(Count==40)
Seconds--;
Count=0; }
TMR2IF=0; //
void main(void)
init();
DelayMs(100);
BUZZER=0;
MOTOR=1;
lcd init();

10. lcd_puts(" eye blink based",1,0);
lcd_puts(" vehicle control",2,0);
DelaySec(2);
while(1) {
lcd_puts(" Eye Blink ",1,0);
lcd_puts(" sensing ",2,0);
time=10;
while(time)
lcd_displaynum2(0xCD,time);
time--;
DelayMs(250);
DelayMs(100); }

11. lcd_puts("Driver slept!! ",1,0);
lcd_puts(" Speed Down... ",2,0);
MOTOR=0;
BUZZER=1;
DelaySec(1);
while(time!=10);
MOTOR=1;
BUZZER=0; }

12. CIRCuiT DIAGRAM

13. Component description
The main components used in this project are
PIC Microcontroller
Eye Blink Sensor
Relay
DC Motor
LCD Display
Buzzer

14. Components in PCB

15. POWER SUPPLY UNIT

16. MICROCONTROLLER PIC16F877A
Pin Diagram
Pin Diagram

17. PIC ARCHITECTURE
PIC microcontrollers are based on RISC architecture. (RISC -Reduced Instruction Set Computing).
Harvard architecture
16 bit microcontroller
PIC –Peripheral interface controller

18. PIC ARCHITECTURE CONTD…
8K Program memory
40 pin with 33 input /output pin
PORTS-A,B,C,D,E
PORTS are configured as input output pins
Configured using TRIS REGISTERS
Operating frequency 20 MHz
Economically feasible

19. EYE BLINK SENSOR
Internal circuit

20. EYE BLINK SENSOR indication by EYE BLINK LED
Instant output digital signal for directly Connecting to microcontroller
Compact Size
Working Voltage +5V DC

22. relays an electromagnetic switch
allow current to flow between 2 points thereby closing the circuit.

23. MOTOR (L293D) L293D Pin description Functional description
LOGIC CIRCUIT
Functional description

24. MOTOR DRIVER-L293D Is a dual motor driver IC.
Act as current amplifiers. This higher current signal is used to drive the motors.
Two inbuilt driver circuits.
In common mode of operation, two DC motors can be driven simultaneously, both in forward and reverse direction.
Enable pins 1 and 9 (corresponding to the two motors) must be high for motors to start operating.

25. BUZZER
A signaling device, usually electronic, typically used in automobiles, household appliances .
Usually illuminates a light on the appropriate button or control panel.
Sounds a warning in the form of a continuous or intermittent buzzing or beeping sound.

26. LCD DISPLAY consists of two lines, 16 characters per line.
3 control lines and 8 I/O lines.
- 8 data pins D7:D0
- RS:  Register Select
- R/W: Read or Write
-  E: Enable (Latch data)

27. LCD INTERFACING

28. PCB LAYOUT

29. SOFTWARE USED
MikroC : powerful, feature rich development tool for PIC microcontrollers.
Provides the programmer with easiest possible solution for developing applications for embedded systems, without compromising performance or control.

30. ADVANTAGES The advantages are: It can be used in wireless technology.
The eye blink module of this project can be separately used for RFID detection in global
industries.
It can be used in image processing application by camera module

31. LIMITATIONS IR sensor has limited range(15 mm).
The goggles on which the sensor is mounted may be inconvenient for some people.
The system is user dependant meaning that the eye sensors needed to be adjusted for each user.

32. RESULT
After complete research and development of this project, it can be implemented on every vehicle in the industry thus increasing safety on roads.
Drivers who have been driving for long hours wouldn’t have to worry even if they fall asleep suddenly and therefore passengers are also safe.

34. FUTURE SCOPE
Development of a hybrid microcontroller for a vehicle which also consists of an alcohol detector which will sense if the driver is drunk and would not start the vehicle.
If the person who is driving takes alcohol then the vehicle will be stopped immediately by giving alarms.

35. CONCLUSION
A complete study on road safety is going to be the next boom in the automobile industry for it to flourish and survive as every human being wants to be safe with all the comforts at the same time
Reduce the number of accidents.
It is also used for security alerts where 24 hours surveillance is required.

36. REFRENCES
“IMPROVED DRIVER FATIGUE DETECTION SYSTEM BASED ON EYE TRACKING AND DYNAMIC TEMPLATE MATCHING” by Wenn- Bing Horng and Chih-Yuan Chen,Tamkang University,Taipei,Taiwan
Muhammad ali mazidi - microcontroller and embedded systems
(issn , iso 9001:2008 certified journal, volume 3, issue 5, may 2013)

37. THANK YOU
THANK YOU