1. M Farhad Ismail Interfacial Science and Surface Engineering Lab (iSSELab) Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 2 June, 2016

2. 2  Ice formation on exposed surfaces has a negative impact in many industrial processes.  Causes a great trouble to safety, efficiency and performance of different equipment such as wind turbine, aircraft wing etc.  Droplet deposited on a very cold surface, turns into a pointy ice-drop with conical shaped tip.  Deformation occurs due to the lower density of ice than that of water.  Focus will be on the droplet freezing phenomenon over metal surfaces.

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5. 5 a. t=0.5 s c. t=1.61 s b. t=1 s

6. 6 1.Kruss User Manual, KRÜSS GmbH – Germany, 2015 2.Khandekar, Sameer, and Krishnamurthy Muralidhar. Dropwise Condensation on Inclined Textured Surfaces. Springer, 2014. 3.Wang, Yongxin, Daniel Orol, Jeffery Owens, Katherine Simpson, and Hoon Joo Lee. "Design and Development of Anti-Icing Aluminum Surface." (2013).

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