1. Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

2. Warming up 1.What words will you think of when we talk about “ astronomy ” ? What interest you most? 2. How many planets are in the solar system? Astronomy Sun

3. 土星 Saturn 天王星 Uranus 金星 Venus 地球 Earth 火星 Mars 木星 Jupiter 海王星 Neptune 水星 Mercury The sun

4. 1.Do you know the origin of life on earth? 2. Each religion or culture has its own ideas about how life began on earth. What do you know about it? Pre-reading

5. In Chinese culture… ____________ separates( 分 ) the sky from the earth. Pangu 盘古 sky earth

6. _____________ made human beings. Nuwa ( 女娲 )

7. In western countries: ______________ created the world and all living things. God ( 上帝 )

8. How life began on the earth ? Reading

9. Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 Para.5 A theory about how the universe was formed The formation( 形成） of the earth The importance of water for life The development of plants and animals The arrival of humans and their effects on the earth Part1: The development of the _______ Part2:The development of ________. Match the right main idea of each paragraph. earth life

10. Part1 (para1~3) The development of the earth (1) What is the widely accepted theory? (2) After the Big Bang, what happened? (3) What happened to the solid globe next? (4) What did the water vapour and gases were to make? (5) What appeared after the earth cooled down? (6) What did the water do? How did the earth come into being?

11. (1) What is the widely accepted theory? The universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars. The Big Bang

12. The Big Bang is the term used to describe a huge explosion that scientists believe happened about 15 billion years ago. Nobody knows what caused the Big Bang. But it was the event that created our universe. The Big Bang The universe began with a Big Bang. Background knowledge

13. (2) After the Big Bang, what happened? a cloud of dust a violent solid ball settled into

14. explode with fire and rock produce water vapour and gases (3) What happened to the solid globe next? In time

15. (4) What did the water vapour and gases were to make? the earth’s atmosphere

16. Water appeared on its surface which is fundamental to development of life. (5) What appeared after the earth cooled down?

17. (6) What did the water do? It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.

18. Part 2 ( 4~5) The development of life

19. The beginning of life (put them into right order) A.insects and amphibians appeared B. reptiles appeared C. shellfish and other fish appeared D. dinosaurs appeared E. small plants appeared on surface of the water F. green plants began to grow on dry land G. Mammals appeared 1.___ 2.___ 3.___ 4.____ 5.___ 6.___7.___ E CFABDG

20. 1. In which one of the following sentences does the word “multiply” share the same meaning with the one in the fourth paragraph ? A.What do you get if you multiply six by nine? B. It is known to all that Rabbits multiply rapidly. C. Our problems have multiplied since last year. increase in number by giving birth to large numbers of young

21. 2. Why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals? Plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe. ? 3.What does “small clever animals” refer to ?

22. 4. From the last paragraph we can infer that the author is _______ about the future of earth and life. A. confident B. upset C. concerned D. angry

23. Because they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. The earth may become too hot to live on. What can we do to take care of the earth?

24. make full use of solar energy plant trees recycle rubbish save water purify air What can we do to take care of the earth?

25. Summary According to a widely accepted______, the universe began with a_________. For several billion years after the" Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of______. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust settled into a solid_______. However, whether the solid globe would keep its shape was not clear because it didn‘t stop exploding. Carbon, nitrogen, __________and other gases were produced during the explosions. As the earth cooled down, ______began to appear. theory dust globe water vapor water Big Bang

26. Millions of years later, the first extremely _________began to appear on the surface of the water. Then the oceans and seas were filled with oxygen by those small plants, early _______and all sorts of fish. Next, __________began to grow on land, followed by land animals. About 65 million years ago _______suddenly disappeared, which made possible the rise of ______on the earth. Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals appeared and they developed into __________. small plants shellfish green plants dinosaurs mammals human beings

27. How did the earth’s atmosphere develop? How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. what other puzzles are hidden in the passage? Find them out and do some research outside class. Thinking Why did some life forms disappear? … Why did water stay on the earth but not on the other planets? How did life forms develop?

28. Homework 1. Find out language points and noun clauses in the reading passage. Discuss and analyse them. 2. Write a short passage about what we can do to save our earth.