1. On the Viability of a Cloud Virtual Service Provider Liang Zheng, Carlee Joe-Wong, Chris Brinton, Chee Wei Tan, Sangtae Ha, and Mung Chiang SIGMERTRICS | Antibes Juan-Les-Pins, France | June 14-18

2. Cloud Computing

4. Cloud Pricing Instance hours $$$ Idle Usage-based pricing

5. Cloud Pricing Instance hours $$$ Bidding ￠ L. Zheng, C. Joe-Wong, C. W. Tan, M. Chiang, and X. Wang. How to bid the cloud. In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM, 2015. Interrupted Usage-based pricing Auction-based pricing

6. Cloud Pricing Instance hours $ Usage-based pricing Auction-based pricing Volume-discount pricing $$$$$

7. Sustained-use Discounts Regressive unit price Total payment Usage (%) 25%50%75%100%0% Volume-discount pricing Usage-based pricing Auction-based pricing

8. Most users have short jobs J. Wilkes and C. Reiss. ClusterData-2011-2. https://github.com/google/cluster-data, 2015.

9. Cloud Virtual Service Provider (CVSP) Instance hours -_- No discount! ^_^ Discount! CVSP

10. CVSP Overview Cloud service provider Cloud virtual service provider $$$$$

11. CVSP Overview CVSP Strategy System Characteristics User Demand Λ QoS φ Resource M Price p CVSP Profit Usage

12. Questions of CVSP Viability Question #1 Can the CVSP meet user demands? Question #2 Can the CVSP make a profit?

13. System Characterizations Poisson-distributed arrival rates

14. System Characterizations Pareto-distributed job runtimes with expected value

15. Questions of CVSP Viability Question #1 Can the CVSP meet user demands? Question #2 Can the CVSP make a profit?

16. User Waiting Time Instance hours CVSP

17. Instance hours CVSP CVSP Viability Conditions on cloud resources:

18. User QoS

19. System Idle Time Instance hours CVSP

20. Instance hours CVSP CVSP Viability Conditions on cloud resources:

21. User Demand

22. Questions of CVSP Viability Question #1 Can the CVSP meet user demands? Question #2 Can the CVSP make a profit?

23. CVSP Profit Maximization

24. CVSP can only serve limited number of jobs

25. CVSP does not completely take over cloud providers’ business

26. User Benefits

27. The CVSP is viable Considerations and Future Work Multiple CSPs’ offering different sustained-use discounts. IaaS market competition. Robustness of understanding user demands

28. Thank you! liangz@princeton.edu http://www.princeton.edu/~liangz

29. Backup Slides

30. Example: Google Cloud Platform Usage Level (% of Billing Cycle) Incremental Rate (% of Base Rate) Example Rate (USD/Hour) 0-25%100%$0.05 (base rate) 25-50%80%$0.04 50-75%60%$0.03 75-100%40%$0.02 Example charge: Total usage: 500 hours Incremental usage: 30 days x 0.25 x 24 hours = 180 hours Total charge: 180 hours x $0.05 + 180 hours x $0.04 + 140 hours x $0.03 = $18.6 Rate: $18.6 / 500hours = $0.0372 Most users’ usage is below 180 hours

31. User Behavior Number of rented instance M p=0.160p=0.145p=0.130 Number of users L Arrival rate Λ Number of users L Arrival rate Λ Number of users L Arrival rate Λ 10025740.7726041.3626141.65 20026041.2826441.8726542.16 30026041.7926442.3926542.69 40026141.8326542.4426642.74 50026642.0727042.6827142.98

32. Balancing QoS with Idle Time CVSP Strategy System Characteristics User Demand Λ QoS φ Resource M Price p CVSP Profit Usage CVSP Strategy Resource M Price p