Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byCora Mathews Modified over 8 years ago
1
LIPIDS
2
Definition Lipids (fixed oil, fats and waxes) are esters of long chain fatty acids and alcohols or of closely related derivatives. The chief difference between these substances is the type of alcohol; in fixed oil and fats-glycerol combines with the fatty acids; in waxes – the alcohol has a higher molecular weight, eg. Cetyl alcohol,
3
Derived From: Fats and Fixed oils are obtained from either plants (Olive oil, Peanut Oil) or animals (lard). Their primary function is food (energy) storage. Waxes may also be of plant and animal origin. Veg. Oil Mainly occurs in Seed. Eg. Cottonseed oil, linseed, sesame seed, hemp seed, coconut, castor beans, almonds etc.
4
Difference: Only in MP Liquid at normal temp.- Fixed Oil Semisolid / Solid – Fat Vegetable Oil- Liquid Animal fat- Solid Exception: Cocoa Butter & Cod liver oil
5
Identity, Quality, Purity According to USP, Acid Value, Saponification Value, Iodine Number are some test method. Acid Value*: The number of milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the free fatty acids in 1gm of the substance
6
Saponification value: The number of milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the free fatty acids and saponify the esters contained in 1gm of substance Iodine Number*: The number of grams of iodine absorbed, under prescribed condition, by 100 gm of the substance MP, Specific Gravity, Refractive Index
7
Fixed Oil- Crude Vegetable Oil- Expression in hydraulic press If carried out in cold- Virgin Oil / Cold-pressed oil If heat is applied- hot-pressed oil Extraction with organic solvents Animal fat- rendering with or without pressure Clarified by Filtration Bleached with Ozone
8
Chemistry Glycerides of Fatty Acid. Unsaturated FA- Liquid, Saturated with Long Chain- Solid General Formula: -R, R', R" are same- Triolein* - Different- Mixed
9
Caproic- Caprylic- Capric- Lauric- Myristic- Palmitic- Stearic- Arachidic-
10
Biosynthesis of Fatty acid
11
Biosynthesis of Triglycerides
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.