1. Argumentative Writing

2. Brainstorming Gather Evidence Organize Outline Draft Revise Edit Final Copy

3. 911 attacks Book banning CensorshipAffirmative action AddictionCivil rights Social mediaAthletes & sports AdoptionCorporate corruption Capital punishmentMilitary AdvertisingDivorce Charter schoolsCloning Air pollutionAirport security DictatorshipWar crimes ObesityDrug legalization Alternative medicineGenetic disorders America’s global influenceFreedom of speech Animal experimentationFeminism Terminal CareElectronic voting SuicideGun control BioterrorismDoomsday scenarios Health InsuranceIllegal immigrants HuntingTeen pregnancy Nuclear weaponsPoverty ReligionPeer pressure School uniformsSocialism

4. Creating a Research Question Topic : Child Abuse What can be done to further prevent child abuse? What constitutes child abuse? Are the current laws in the US doing enough? Is parental drug use a form of child abuse? When children are abused, are they more or less likely to become abusive parents? Does child abuse increase in families below the poverty level?

5. Are the current laws regarding child abuse in the US doing enough, or should they be changed? Thesis Statement: The United States should improve the current laws against child abuse. Thesis Statement with Forecasted Subtopics: The United States should improve the current laws against child abuse because too many parents who are caught using drugs are not effectively punished, many parents are often able to coerce their children into lying about injuries, and some parents’ reputation in the community prevents them from being criminally investigated.

6. In general, unless the information is considered common knowledge, you should cite your sources. -must be identical to the original -must be attributed to the original author -no more than 10% of your paper -should always be followed by your own analysis of the information -needs to be tied to your thesis -involves condensing a passage into your own words -more detailed than summarizing but not as specific as directly quoting. -broad and condensed overviews of the source material Direct Quotes Paraphrasing Summarizing

7. How should an MLA citation look? There are two main ways to cite a source within your essay: Parenthetical Citation It is possible that much of what we know about Edgar Allan Poe is actually untrue, as some theorize that his main rival attempted to destroy Poe's reputation after his death (Ristovski 31). Ristovksi ‖ is the last name of the author who provided this theory. 31is the page number where this information was found. Use a Speaker Tag Ryan Ristovski writes that much of what we know about Edgar Allan Poe might actually be false, as his main rival attempted to destroy Poe's reputation after his death (31). Identify the writer's name or the article/book's title within your sentence, and the page number will come at the end.

8. Print Source with Author In-text Example: Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3). Or, Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

9. Print Source With Unknown Author In-text Example: We see so many global warming hotspots in North America likely because this region has “more readily accessible climatic data and more comprehensive programs to monitor and study environmental change...” (“Impact of Global Warming” 6).

10. Internet Sources In-text Example: One online film critic stated that Fitzcarraldo is “...a beautiful and terrifying critique of obsession and colonialism” (Garcia, “Herzog: a Life”).

11. Internet Sources w/o Author In-text Example: One online film critic stated that Fitzcarraldo is “...a beautiful and terrifying critique of obsession and colonialism” (“Herzog: a Life”).

12. In 1591, Anne Hutchinson was born in Alford, Lincolnshire, England with the given name Anne Marbury (Maier, “Hutchinson, Anne Marbury”). Her father, an English minister, greatly influenced her religious beliefs and convictions (“People and Ideas: Anne Hutchinson”). A year after the death of her father, Anne married her husband, William Hutchinson, in 1612. Shortly after they were married, William and Anne began traveling to hear the sermons of the Puritan preacher, John Cotton. During this time, many Puritans were settling in Boston, Massachusetts due to exile. John Cotton also decided to settle in Boston to begin ministering to those exiled. William and Anne Hutchinson followed the minister, John Cotton, and settled in Massachusetts (“Anne Marbury Hutchinson”). The move to Massachusetts set the stage for the beginning of Anne’s religious influence on people.

13. 1.Find a print or online sourceFind a print or online source 2.Take Notes…indicate the source 3.Add the source to citefast.com What do I do if citefast.com asks for the date last updated or published? www.sgcmediacenter.weebly.com Tennessee Electronic Library (TEL) Digital Public Library of America Google Scholar

14. Argumentative writing requires the development of both sides of an issue, offering several claims for one side while acknowledging that there are valid counterclaims from the opposition. Argumentative writing is about giving the reader another perspective to consider on a debatable topic and proving why that position is the superior choice.

15. Argumentative Essay Outline Introduction Narration Confirmation Refutation and Concession Summation -Focusing event, Quotation, Shocking statistic, Analogy, Personal statement -Establish a personal connection -Establish your writing voice: compassionate, aggressive, etc. -Announce the thesis -Explains the situation to the reader -Background information, Definitions/key terms, History, Legal Precedents, Public opinion polls/statistics -Start with the strongest claim from your thesis, provide evidence, and elaborate -Facts, Testimony, Examples -Explain counterclaim, refute it, and elaborate -Look back at your narration and identify key information to show the reader why your claim is the best. -Include a statement that provides an emotional or ethical appeal to the reader.

17. Sources http://www.pekinhigh.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Writing-Handbook-Revised-Sept-23-2013.pdf https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/ http://faculty.winthrop.edu/kosterj/archives/writ102/sampleclassicalargument.htmhttp://faculty.winthrop.edu/kosterj/archives/writ102/sampleclassicalargument.htm (Sample Essay) http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/writersref6e/lmcontent/ch07/PDF/Hacker-Hammond-MLA-Arg.pdf http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/writersref6e/lmcontent/ch07/PDF/Hacker-Hammond-MLA-Arg.pdf (Sample Essay in MLA Format)