1. Turn your paper in to your TA You will get your papers back next Friday, February 5, in section Rewrites will be due in lecture on Tuesday, February 9

2. Read Rosenwein, p. 155-170 for lecture on Thursday Read Tierney, Crisis of Church and State, pp. 7-95 (focus on pp. 45-95) for section this Friday

3. The End of the Invasions Conversions: -Harald Bluetooth of Denmark (r. 958-987) -Olaf Tryggvason of Norway (r. 995-1000) -Stephen of Hungary (r. 1000-1038) Civil war in the Caliphate of Cordoba, 976 Baptism of Harald Bluetooth

4. Carolingian Empire

5. Europe, c. 1100

6. Italy, 11 th century

7. England after 886, Wessex and the Danelaw

9. Feudalism (political system) feudum (fee or fief) seigneur (lord) Seissin (possession) Vassal (a noble fief holder; never a peasant) Idealized version of feudal system Manorialism 98% Feudalism (lords and vassals) Top 2%

10. homage (ceremony, aka commendation) - homme (Fr., man) fealty (oath of loyalty) Vassal performing homage to his lord

11. Feudal Aids: -Knighting of eldest son -Marriage of eldest daughter -Ransom -Crusade Feudal Incidents: -Relief -Wardship -Marriage subinfeudation The messy reality of feudal relationships

12. 12 th century adjustments to feudalism liege lordship liege homage Scutage (shield tax) allod / allodial land (land free of obligation) Landless knights

13. Manorialism (economic system) Village (natural unit of economic production) Manor (artificial unit of judicial and economic exploitation) Demesne (the lord’s land) Serfs (semi-free peasants)

14. Motte (raised earthwork) Bailey (enclosed courtyard) Castellan (a noble with a castle) Motte and bailey castle

15. Seigneurie Banale seigneurie = lordship ban (bannus) = legitimate military and judicial authority Corvée (forced labor) Taille (protection tax) 12 th century water mill

16. 11 th Century Economic Revolution Carruca (heavy plow) Harrow 3 field rotation Mills Peasants Farming from the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry, c. 1412

17. Results of 11 th century Economic Revolution 1. Expansion (demographic and geographic) 2. Cash economy 3. Rise of Middle Class 4. Growth of Towns 5. Disappearance of slavery Abbey of Mont Saint-Michel, France