1. Public Policy Internship and Career Opportunities for a Physiologist Sarah K. England, Ph.D. Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cell Biology and Physiology and Cell Biology and Physiology Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO

2. POLICY is typically described as a deliberate plan of action to guide decisions and achieve rational outcome(s). POLITICS is the process by which groups of people make decisions. The term is generally applied to behavior within civil governments, but politics has been observed in all human group interactions, including corporate, academic, and religious institutions. It refers to the methods and tactics used to formulate and apply policy.

3. “ The dilemma is that... evidence is collected but not disseminated because the research is divorced from policymaking ‘in a pattern of decisional gridlock, gripping society at large.’” “ The dilemma is that... evidence is collected but not disseminated because the research is divorced from policymaking ‘in a pattern of decisional gridlock, gripping society at large.’” Elias A. Zerhouni, MD, Former NIH Director “ Research results should be brought together, organized and synthesized for a policy audience. Health Affairs 27, no. 4 (2008) “ Need relationships between researchers and policymakers.” Carolyn Clancy, Director of AHRQ Why? Natural Intersection Between Research and Policy

4. Does your academic role lend itself to a policy career (faculty vs. student)?  Researcher (specialist vs. generalist)  Experimenter/Practitioner (critical thinking)  Idea Generator (thinking outside box)  Communicator (getting others to understand ideas)  Fundraiser (monetary effects)  Manager (motivator)  Teacher (educating on a topic)  Collaborator (consensus building)  University Citizen (team player)  Representative (office or agency)

5. ResearchService Teaching Professional roles of a scientist

6. Policy Fellowship/Internship http://www.kaiseredu.org/Fellowships-and- Internships.aspx http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/200 9/04/09/policy-fellowships-for-scientists-engineers/

8. Approaching science from policy view

9. Intersection between academic interest, service, and health policy fellowship Maternal/Child Health Issues  Advising on legislation (PREEMIE Act)  Meeting with interested parties  Attending meetings  Drafting legislation (SHINE Act, GEDI Act) Health Disparities Bill  Aid in drafting legislation  Meeting with interested parties  Using existing knowledge to impact programs (evaluation)

10. Academia: Become a resource for health/science policy at the state or federal level for your institution Motivating Factors National attention on science, education and health care Broaden exposure of academic institutions at state and national levels Highlight and cncourage growth of strengths of your institution Multiple opportunities exist to advise or influence policy Capitalize on opportunities for the sciences to inform on policy issues Work on issues related to the health sciences  Dentistry (dental care for children)  Medicine (health reform)  Nursing (nursing shortage)  Pharmacy (prescription errors)  Public Health (obesity) Promote collaborations across the University and develop new initiatives

11. Academia: Department-Driven Strategy Strengths and interests identified by Department Find relevant policy opportunities Use research to inform (or obtain funds) for policy on a particular topic

12. Academia: Opportunity-Driven Strategy Monitor sources for policy opportunities Broker match between institution and opportunity Capitalize on this opportunity

13. Monitor Pipeline New legislation signed by President or Governor Regulatory process Public notice of new opportunity HHS Grants Forecast Develop agency contacts Possibility of non- solicited opportunities Federal Register

14. Choosing your policy career Science for Policy versus Policy for Science Government (Legislative Branch, Federal or State agencies) Congressional staffer, NIH, FDA, CDC, etc. Academic Lobbyist, Legislative affairs office Non-profit agencies, For-profit agencies, Professional Societies, Foundations Interpret and inform on science policies, track pertinent legislation Industrial Sector (Pharmaceutical Industry, Biotechnology) Regulatory policies Science Communicator

15. ResearchService Teaching My view of academic roles Inquiry Institution Investment Impact

16. Thank you!